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Virginia
Virginia

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Virginia is here in full — 78 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.
Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.
The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.
Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.
The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Virginia

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Virginia is here in full — 78 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.
Line 2
Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.
Line 3
The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.
/ðə striːm wɑːz sʌtʃ ə mɪr ˈrɪbən wɪð sʌtʃ tɔːl triːz əˈlɔːŋ ɪts bæŋks ðæt wiː lʊkt ˈʌpwərd tuː bʌt ə ˈneroʊ leɪn ʌv ˈoʊ.pən skaɪ/
Line 4
Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.
/səmˈtaɪmz ðə leɪn wɑːz bluː səmˈtaɪmz ɡreɪ ənd səmˈtaɪmz dɑːrk ənd set wɪð ˈtwɪŋkəlɪŋ stɑːrz/
Line 5
The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.
/ðə wʊd əˈkrɔːs ðə kriːk frʌm ʌs wɑːz ə ˈdɪzməl ˈlʊkɪŋ pleɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

civilization noun US /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading “Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.”

colonial adjective US /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading “FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.”

dismal adjective US /ˈdɪzməl/

causing dejection

From this reading “The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.”

drifted verb US /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading “Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.”

harbour verb US /ˈhɑːrbər/

secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)

From this reading “FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.”

isolated adjective US /ˈaɪsəleɪtəd/

not close together in time

From this reading “FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.”

ribbon noun US /ˈrɪbən/

any long object resembling a thin line

From this reading “The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.”

twinkling noun US /ˈtwɪŋkəlɪŋ/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading “Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

COLONIALadjectiveUS /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

CREEKnounUS /kriːk/

a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

dismaladjectiveUS /ˈdɪzməl/

causing dejection

From this reading The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.

driftedverbUS /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

Eppes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

Gadaboutnoun

a restless seeker after amusement or social companionship

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

HARBOURverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

harbours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

isolatedadjectiveUS /ˈaɪsəleɪtəd/

not close together in time

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

lanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.

RECEPTIONnounUS /rɪˈsepʃən/

the manner in which something is greeted

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

remoteadjectiveUS /rɪˈmoʊt/

located far away spatially

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

ribbonnounUS /ˈrɪbən/

any long object resembling a thin line

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

SometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

twinklingnounUS /ˈtwɪŋkəlɪŋ/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading Sometimes the lane was blue, sometimes gray, and sometimes dark and set with twinkling stars.

upwardadjectiveUS /ˈʌpwərd/

directed up

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FROM CREEK HARBOUR TO COLONIAL RECEPTION Eppes Creek was the most remote and isolated of all our James River harbours.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading Gadabout was like a bit of civilization that had got broken off and had drifted away into the wild.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The stream was such a mere ribbon with such tall trees along its banks, that we looked upward to but a narrow lane of open sky.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading The wood across the creek from us was a dismal looking place.

Chapter 23 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins holds 78 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Virginia contain?

Chapter 23 holds 78 sentences of Virginia, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 78 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Virginia?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Virginia

Common questions about reading Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Virginia?

Yes. All 2485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11731 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Virginia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11731, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Virginia take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 497 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Virginia section by section

How to work through Virginia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Virginia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Virginia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Virginia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Daylight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
While
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gadabout
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lumbering
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.