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War and Peace
War and Peace

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of War and Peace is here in full — 1179 sentences across 236 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.
At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.
He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.
The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.
At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.
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War and Peace

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of War and Peace is here in full — 1179 sentences across 236 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/235 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.
Line 2
At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.
/æt ˈhedkwɔːrtərz ənd əˈmʌŋ ðə truːps nɪr baɪ ðə nuːz spred ðæt ðə ˈempərər wɑːz ənˈwel/
Line 3
He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.
/hiː eɪt ˈnʌθɪŋ ənd hæd slept ˈbædli ðæt naɪt ðoʊz ərˈaʊnd hɪm ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd/
Line 4
The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.
Line 5
At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

daybreak noun US /ˈdeɪbreɪk/

the first light of day

From this reading “At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.”

demanding adjective US /dɪˈmændɪŋ/

requiring more than usually expected or thought due; especially great patience and effort and skill

From this reading “At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.”

headquarters noun US /ˈhedkwɔːrtərz/

(usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise

From this reading “At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.”

outposts noun US /ˈaʊtpoʊsts/

plural of “outpost” — a station in a remote or sparsely populated location

From this reading “At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.”

repeatedly adverb US /rɪˈpiːtɪdli/

several time

From this reading “The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.”

seventeenth adjective US /ˈsevənˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the sixteenth in position

From this reading “At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.”

truce noun US /truːs/

a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms

From this reading “At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.”

unwell adjective US /ənˈwel/

somewhat ill or prone to illness

From this reading “At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

atenounUS /eɪt/

goddess of criminal rashness and its punishment

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

audiencenounUS /ˈɑːdiəns/

a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

daybreaknounUS /ˈdeɪbreɪk/

the first light of day

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

demandingadjectiveUS /dɪˈmændɪŋ/

requiring more than usually expected or thought due; especially great patience and effort and skill

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

flagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

headquartersnounUS /ˈhedkwɔːrtərz/

(usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

indispositionnoun

a slight illness

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

outpostsnounUS /ˈaʊtpoʊsts/

plural of “outpost” — a station in a remote or sparsely populated location

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

physiciannounUS /fəˈzɪʃən/

a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

repeatedlyadverbUS /rɪˈpiːtɪdli/

several time

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

reportedadjectiveUS /ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd/

made known or told about; especially presented in a formal account

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

sensitiveadjectiveUS /ˈsensətɪv/

responsive to physical stimuli

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

seventeenthadjectiveUS /ˈsevənˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the sixteenth in position

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

summonedverbUS /ˈsʌmənd/

past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He ate nothing and had slept badly that night, those around him reported.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

trucenounUS /truːs/

a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

unwelladjectiveUS /ənˈwel/

somewhat ill or prone to illness

From this reading At headquarters and among the troops near by the news spread that the Emperor was unwell.

Villier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

Wischau

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day the Emperor stopped at Wischau, and Villier, his physician, was repeatedly summoned to see him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At daybreak on the seventeenth, a French officer who had come with a flag of truce, demanding an audience with the Russian Emperor, was brought into Wischau from our outposts.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading The cause of this indisposition was the strong impression made on his sensitive mind by the sight of the killed and wounded.

Chapter 8 of War and Peace by Leo, graf Tolstoy holds 1179 sentences, grouped into 236 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of War and Peace contain?

Chapter 8 holds 1179 sentences of War and Peace, unabridged, divided into 236 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of War and Peace by Leo, graf Tolstoy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 1179 sentences, grouped into 236 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of War and Peace?

Work through the 236 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 236 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading War and Peace

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Is this the complete text of War and Peace?

Yes. All 30326 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2600 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of War and Peace is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2600, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 6066 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in War and Peace

Words and structures a reader meets early in War and Peace, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Twelve
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War and Peace; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thirteen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War and Peace; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fourteen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War and Peace; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifteen
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