Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
War of the Classes
War of the Classes

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of War of the Classes is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for War of the Classes
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.
A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.
The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.
This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.
Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

War of the Classes

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of War of the Classes is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.
/ˈleɪbər kəmˈbaɪnz ˈɪntuː ɪts ˈjuːnjənz ˈkæpətəl ˈɪntuː ˈpɑːrtnərʃɪps əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz ˌkɔːrpərˈeɪʃənz ənd trʌsts/
Line 2
A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.
Line 3
The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.
Line 4
This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.
/ðɪs miːnz ðæt ðə ˈkɑːrpəntərz ɑːr ˈtraɪɪŋ tuː ɡɪv les fɔːr mɔːr/
Line 5
Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Builders noun US /ˈbɪldərz/

plural of “builder” — a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action

From this reading “The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.”

carpenters noun US /ˈkɑːrpəntərz/

plural of “carpenter” — a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects

From this reading “The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.”

combines noun US /kəmˈbaɪnz/

plural of “combine” — harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field

From this reading “Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.”

corporations noun US /ˌkɔːrpərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “corporation” — a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state

From this reading “Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.”

partnerships noun US /ˈpɑːrtnərʃɪps/

plural of “partnership” — the members of a business venture created by contract

From this reading “Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.”

trusts noun US /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading “Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.”

unions noun US /ˈjuːnjənz/

plural of “union” — an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading “Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.”

wage noun US /weɪdʒ/

something that remunerates

From this reading “The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

21

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

22

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

3.50

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

AssociationnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

associationsnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “association” — a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

BrotherhoodnounUS /ˈbrʌðərhʊd/

the kinship relation between a male offspring and the siblings

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

BuildersnounUS /ˈbɪldərz/

plural of “builder” — a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

CarpentersnounUS /ˈkɑːrpəntərz/

plural of “carpenter” — a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

combinesnounUS /kəmˈbaɪnz/

plural of “combine” — harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

corporationsnounUS /ˌkɔːrpərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “corporation” — a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

demandsnounUS /dɪˈmændz/

plural of “demand” — an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

dollarnounUS /ˈdɑːlər/

the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

endeavoringverbUS /ɪnˈdevərɪŋ/

-ing form of “endeavor” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

group-struggle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

half-holidaynoun

a day on which half is free from work or duty

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

individualsnounUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

Joiners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

LabornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

partnershipsnounUS /ˈpɑːrtnərʃɪps/

plural of “partnership” — the members of a business venture created by contract

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

SaturdaynounUS /ˈsætərdi/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

servesnounUS /sɜːrvz/

plural of “serve” — (sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

trustsnounUS /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading This means that the carpenters are trying to give less for more.

unionsnounUS /ˈjuːnjənz/

plural of “union” — an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading Labor combines into its unions, capital into partnerships, associations, corporations, and trusts.

wagenounUS /weɪdʒ/

something that remunerates

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A group-struggle is the result, in which the individuals, as individuals, play no part.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, for instance, serves notice on the Master Builders' Association that it demands an increase of the wage of its members from $3.50 a day to $4, and a Saturday half-holiday without pay.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Where they received $21 for six full days, they are endeavoring to get $22 for five days and a half,--that is, they will work half a day less each week and receive a dollar more.

Chapter 5 of War of the Classes by Jack London holds 161 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of War of the Classes contain?

Chapter 5 holds 161 sentences of War of the Classes, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of War of the Classes by Jack London exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 161 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of War of the Classes?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading War of the Classes

Common questions about reading War of the Classes by Jack London on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of War of the Classes?

Yes. All 1586 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1187 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of War of the Classes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1187, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does War of the Classes take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read War of the Classes section by section

How to work through War of the Classes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of War of the Classes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in War of the Classes

Words and structures a reader meets early in War of the Classes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War of the Classes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War of the Classes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sea-wolf
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War of the Classes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of War of the Classes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.