Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
War of the Classes
War of the Classes

Chapter VII

Cover illustration for War of the Classes
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.
The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.
Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.
The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."
Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

War of the Classes

Chapter VII

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.
Line 2
The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.
Line 3
Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.
Line 4
The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."
Line 5
Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.”

Come noun US /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.”

Disguise noun US /dɪsˈɡaɪz/

A means of altering one's appearance to conceal one's identity.

From this reading “The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."”

Unless conjunction US /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading “Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alarmed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

better

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

Britain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

British

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

caused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

comenounUS /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

comes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

competition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

continues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

danger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

demand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

disguisenounUS /dɪsˈɡaɪz/

A means of altering one's appearance to conceal one's identity.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

efficiency

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

engineering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

EvennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

fact

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

follow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

glut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

GreatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

hitherto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

home

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

London

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

lose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

markets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

miscalculation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

naval

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The competition does not come from the glut caused by miscalculation as to the home demand.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

outdistanced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

paper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

production

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

rivals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

says

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

seen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

steel-makers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our own steel-makers know better and are alarmed.

successful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

sufferance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

supremacy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

threatened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The threatened competition in markets hitherto our own comes from efficiency in production such as never before has been seen."

Times

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

useless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The London Times says: "It is useless to disguise the fact that Great Britain is being outdistanced.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Even the British naval supremacy is in danger, continues the same paper, "for, if we lose our engineering supremacy, our naval supremacy will follow, unless held on sufferance by our successful rivals."