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Washington Irving
Washington Irving

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Washington Irving is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:
The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.
The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.
The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.
They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Washington Irving

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Washington Irving is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:
/ðə ˈɜːrli prɑːˈsperəti ʌv ðɪs ˈsetəlmənt ɪz dwelt ɑːn wɪð ˌsætəˈsfækʃən baɪ ðə ˈɔːθər/
Line 2
The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.
Line 3
The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.
Line 4
The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.
Line 5
They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accommodated verb US /əˈkɑːmədeɪtɪd/

past form of “accommodate” — be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading “The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.”

bargains noun US /ˈbɑːrɡənz/

plural of “bargain” — an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each

From this reading “They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.”

curing noun US /ˈkjʊrɪŋ/

the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization

From this reading “They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.”

grunt noun US /ɡrʌnt/

the short low gruff noise of the kind made by hogs

From this reading “The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.”

Hollands noun US /ˈhɑːləndz/

gin made in the Netherlands

From this reading “They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.”

settlers noun US /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.”

uncouth adjective US /ˈʌnˈkuːθ/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading ““The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.”

Wabash noun US /ˈwɔːbæʃ/

a tributary of the Ohio River that rises in western Ohio and flows southwestward across Indiana

From this reading “The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

accommodatedverbUS /əˈkɑːmədeɪtɪd/

past form of “accommodate” — be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

attentivelyadverbUS /əˈtentɪvli/

with attention; in an attentive manner

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

bargainsnounUS /ˈbɑːrɡənz/

plural of “bargain” — an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

bullnounUS /bʊl/

uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

chiefsnounUS /tʃiːfs/

plural of “chief” — a person who is in charge

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

completelyadverbUS /kəmˈpliːtli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

curingnounUS /ˈkjʊrɪŋ/

the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

delightedadjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtəd/

greatly pleased

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

drunkadjectiveUS /drʌŋk/

stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

DutchadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

dweltverbUS /dwelt/

inflected form of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

gruntnounUS /ɡrʌnt/

the short low gruff noise of the kind made by hogs

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

HollandsnounUS /ˈhɑːləndz/

gin made in the Netherlands

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

instructedverbUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

listenverbUS /ˈlɪsən/

hear with intention

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

mynher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

neighboringadjectiveUS /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

having a common boundary or edge; abutting; touching

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

new-comers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

pipesnounUS /paɪps/

plural of “pipe” — a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

savagesnounUS /ˈsævədʒəz/

plural of “savage” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

settlementnounUS /ˈsetəlmənt/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

smokingnounUS /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/

the act of smoking tobacco or other substances

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

speechesnounUS /ˈspiːtʃəz/

plural of “speech” — the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

SpiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

talksnounUS /tɔːks/

a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

tobacconounUS /təˈbækoʊ/

leaves of the tobacco plant dried and prepared for smoking or ingestion

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

uncouthadjectiveUS /ˈʌnˈkuːθ/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading “The neighboring Indians in a short time became accustomed to the uncouth sound of the Dutch language, and an intercourse gradually took place between them and the new-comers.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

WabashnounUS /ˈwɔːbæʃ/

a tributary of the Ohio River that rises in western Ohio and flows southwestward across Indiana

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Indians were much given to long talks, and the Dutch to long silence;--in this particular, therefore, they accommodated each other completely.

whereat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading They instructed the new settlers in the best art of curing and smoking tobacco, while the latter, in return, made them drunk with true Hollands--and then taught them the art of making bargains.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The early prosperity of this settlement is dwelt on with satisfaction by the author:

wondrouslyadverb

(used as an intensifier) extremely well

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

yah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The chiefs would make long speeches about the big bull, the Wabash, and the Great Spirit, to which the others would listen very attentively, smoke their pipes, and grunt 'yah, mynher', whereat the poor savages were wondrously delighted.

Chapter 12 of Washington Irving by Charles Dudley Warner holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Washington Irving contain?

Chapter 12 holds 128 sentences of Washington Irving, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Washington Irving by Charles Dudley Warner exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Washington Irving?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Washington Irving

Common questions about reading Washington Irving by Charles Dudley Warner on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Washington Irving?

Yes. All 2105 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3101 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Washington Irving is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3101, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Washington Irving take to read?

About 175 minutes of reading across 421 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Washington Irving section by section

How to work through Washington Irving section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Washington Irving to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Washington Irving

Words and structures a reader meets early in Washington Irving, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Washington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Washington Irving; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Irving
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Washington Irving; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Washington Irving; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Biography
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Washington Irving; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.