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Waverley
Waverley

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Waverley is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.
They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.
This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.
None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.
He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Waverley

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Waverley is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.
Line 2
They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.
/ðeɪ kəˈmenst ðer riˈtriːt əˈkɔːrdɪŋli ənd baɪ ðə ekˈstriːm səˈlerəti ʌv ðer ˈmuːvmənts aʊtˈstrɪpt ðə ˈmoʊʃənz ʌv ðə duːk ʌv ˈkʌmbərlənd huː naʊ pərˈsuːd ðem wɪð ə ˈveri lɑːrdʒ ˈbɑːdi ʌv ˈkævəlri/
Line 3
This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.
/ðɪs riˈtriːt wɑːz ə ˈvɜːrtʃuːəl ˌrezəɡˈneɪʃən ʌv ðer ˈtaʊərɪŋ hoʊps/
Line 4
None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.
Line 5
He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

celerity noun US /səˈlerəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading “They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.”

Cumberland noun US /ˈkʌmbərlənd/

English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)

From this reading “They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.”

Derby noun US /ˈdɜːrbi/

a felt hat that is round and hard with a narrow brim

From this reading “A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.”

Highlanders noun US /ˈhaɪlændərz/

plural of “highlander” — a soldier in a Scottish regiment from the Highlands

From this reading “A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.”

outstripped verb US /aʊtˈstrɪpt/

inflected form of “outstrip” — be or do something to a greater degree

From this reading “They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.”

relinquished adjective US /rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃt/

that has been withdrawn or retreated from

From this reading “A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.”

skirmish noun US /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

a minor short-term fight

From this reading “A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.”

virtual adjective US /ˈvɜːrtʃuːəl/

being actually such in almost every respect

From this reading “This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

5th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

accordinglyadverbUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

arguedverbUS /ˈɑːrɡjuːd/

past form of “argue” — present reasons and arguments

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

celeritynounUS /səˈlerəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

consequentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

councilnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a body serving in an administrative capacity

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

cruellyadverbUS /ˈkruːli/

excessively

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

CumberlandnounUS /ˈkʌmbərlənd/

English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

DerbynounUS /ˈdɜːrbi/

a felt hat that is round and hard with a narrow brim

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

desperateadjectiveUS /ˈdesprɪt/

arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

dissatisfactionnounUS /ˌdɪsætɪˈsfækʃən/

the feeling of being displeased and discontent

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

Fergus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

HighlandersnounUS /ˈhaɪlændərz/

plural of “highlander” — a soldier in a Scottish regiment from the Highlands

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

hopesnounUS /hoʊps/

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

Mac-Ivor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

mortifiedadjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrtəfaɪd/

suffering from tissue death

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

motionsnounUS /ˈmoʊʃənz/

plural of “motion” — the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

movementsnounUS /ˈmuːvmənts/

plural of “movement” — a change of position that does not entail a change of location

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

NonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

northwardadverbUS /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

outstrippedverbUS /aʊtˈstrɪpt/

inflected form of “outstrip” — be or do something to a greater degree

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

penetrateverbUS /ˈpenətreɪt/

pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

positivelyadverbUS /ˈpɑːzətɪvli/

extremely

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

pursuednounUS /pərˈsuːd/

a person who is being chased

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

rejectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈdʒektɪd/

rebuffed (by a lover) without warning

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

relinquishedadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃt/

that has been withdrawn or retreated from

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

remindedverbUS /riˈmaɪndɪd/

past form of “remind” — put in the mind of someone

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

remonstrated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

resignationnounUS /ˌrezəɡˈneɪʃən/

acceptance of despair

From this reading This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

sanguineadjectiveUS /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/

confidently optimistic and cheerful

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

shedverbUS /ʃed/

get rid of

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

SKIRMISHnounUS /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

a minor short-term fight

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading None had been so sanguine as Fergus Mac-Ivor; none, consequently, was so cruelly mortified at the change of measures.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

toweringadjectiveUS /ˈtaʊərɪŋ/

of imposing height; especially standing out above others

From this reading This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

vehemencenounUS /ˈviːəməns/

intensity or forcefulness of expression

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

virtualadjectiveUS /ˈvɜːrtʃuːəl/

being actually such in almost every respect

From this reading This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This retreat was a virtual resignation of their towering hopes.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He argued, or rather remonstrated, with the utmost vehemence at the council of war; and, when his opinion was rejected, shed tears of grief and indignation.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They commenced their retreat accordingly, and by the extreme celerity of their movements, outstripped the motions of the Duke of Cumberland, who now pursued them with a very large body of cavalry.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading A SKIRMISH The reader need hardly be reminded, that, after a council of war held at Derby on the 5th of December, the Highlanders relinquished their desperate attempt to penetrate farther into England, and, greatly to the dissatisfaction of their young and daring leader, positively determined to return northward.

Chapter 33 of Waverley by Walter Scott holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 33 of Waverley contain?

Chapter 33 holds 104 sentences of Waverley, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 33 of Waverley by Walter Scott exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 33 of Waverley?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 33 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 33 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Waverley

Common questions about reading Waverley by Walter Scott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Waverley?

Yes. All 5822 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2034 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Waverley is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2034, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Waverley take to read?

About 485 minutes of reading across 1165 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Waverley section by section

How to work through Waverley section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Waverley

Words and structures a reader meets early in Waverley, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Title
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Waverley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chosen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Waverley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Without
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Waverley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grave
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Waverley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.