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Wayside Courtships
Wayside Courtships

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Wayside Courtships is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wayside Courtships
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.
An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.
They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.
They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.
The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wayside Courtships

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Wayside Courtships is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.
/æz hiː spoʊk æn ˈendʒən ˈædəd ɪts vɔɪs tuː ðə ˈɡroʊɪŋ nɔɪz ʌv ðə ˈsteɪʃən ənd druː ˈsɔːləmli daʊn ðə ˈfrɔːsti stiːl/
Line 2
An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.
/æn ˌiːˈrʌpʃən ʌv ˈʃeɪpləs fɔːrmz ʌv men frʌm ðə ˈdiːpoʊ fɪld ðə wʌn ˈdʒenərəl koʊtʃ ʌv ðə treɪn/
Line 3
They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.
Line 4
They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.
/ðeɪ wɜːr ɪn fækt ˈtrævəlɪŋ men ˈbɪznəs men ðə ˈoʊnərz ʌv mɪlz ɔːr ˈtɪmbər/
Line 5
The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eruption noun US /ˌiːˈrʌpʃən/

the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material

From this reading “An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.”

frosty adjective US /ˈfrɔːsti/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading “As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.”

jackets noun US /ˈdʒækɪts/

plural of “jacket” — a short coat

From this reading “The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.”

Norwegian noun US /ˌnɔːrˈwiːdʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Norway

From this reading “The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.”

outdoor adjective US /ˈaʊtdɔːr/

located, suited for, or taking place in the open air

From this reading “They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.”

shapeless adjective US /ˈʃeɪpləs/

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading “An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.”

stolid adjective US /ˈstɑːləd/

having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited

From this reading “The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.”

unrefined adjective US /ˌʌnriˈfaɪnd/

not refined or processed

From this reading “They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

coachverbUS /koʊtʃ/

teach and supervise (someone); act as a trainer or coach (to), as in sports

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

depotnounUS /ˈdiːpoʊ/

station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

enginenounUS /ˈendʒən/

motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

eruptionnounUS /ˌiːˈrʌpʃən/

the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

frostyadjectiveUS /ˈfrɔːsti/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

furnounUS /fɜːr/

the dressed hairy coat of a mammal

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

jacketsnounUS /ˈdʒækɪts/

plural of “jacket” — a short coat

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

loud-voicedadjective

having an unusually loud voice

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

Mackinac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

millsnounUS /mɪlz/

United States architect who was the presidentially appointed architect of Washington D.C. (1781-1855)

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

NorwegiannounUS /ˌnɔːrˈwiːdʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Norway

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

outdooradjectiveUS /ˈaʊtdɔːr/

located, suited for, or taking place in the open air

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

ownersnounUS /ˈoʊnərz/

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

oxlike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

patientnounUS /ˈpeɪʃənt/

a person who requires medical care

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

shapelessadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪpləs/

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

solemnlyadverbUS /ˈsɔːləmli/

in a grave and sedate manner

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

sprinkledverbUS /ˈsprɪŋkəld/

past form of “sprinkle” — distribute loosely

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

stationnounUS /ˈsteɪʃən/

a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

stolidadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːləd/

having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading An eruption of shapeless forms of men from the depot filled the one general coach of the train.

travelingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading They were, in fact, traveling men, business men, the owners of mills or timber.

unrefinedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnriˈfaɪnd/

not refined or processed

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading As he spoke, an engine added its voice to the growing noise of the station, and drew solemnly down the frosty steel.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They nearly all were dressed in some sort of fur coat, and all had the look of men accustomed to outdoor life--powerful, loud-voiced, unrefined.

workmennounUS /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading The stolid or patient oxlike faces of some Norwegian workmen, dressed in gay Mackinac jackets, were sprinkled about.

Chapter 8 of Wayside Courtships by Hamlin Garland holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Wayside Courtships contain?

Chapter 8 holds 408 sentences of Wayside Courtships, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Wayside Courtships by Hamlin Garland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Wayside Courtships?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wayside Courtships

Common questions about reading Wayside Courtships by Hamlin Garland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wayside Courtships?

Yes. All 5245 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20247 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wayside Courtships is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20247, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wayside Courtships take to read?

About 437 minutes of reading across 1049 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wayside Courtships section by section

How to work through Wayside Courtships section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Wayside Courtships to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wayside Courtships

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wayside Courtships, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wayside Courtships; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spoil
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wayside Courtships; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Office
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wayside Courtships; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wayside Courtships; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.