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Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings
Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.
Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.
Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.
Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.
A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.
/æn ˈoʊ.pən ˈwɪntər æn aɪˈdiːl ˈɪndiən ˈsʌmər wɑːz ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/
Line 2
Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.
Line 3
Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.
/laɪt reɪnz ɪn sepˈtembər ˈfreʃənd ðə ˈbʌfəloʊ ɡræs ənˈtɪl ɪt ɡriːnd ɑːn ðə ˈsʌni sloʊps kjʊrd ˈɪntuː heɪ æz ðə fɔːl ədˈvænst ðʌs əˈʃʊrɪŋ əˈbʌndənt ˈfɔːrɪdʒ tuː ðə ˈkætəl/
Line 4
Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.
Line 5
A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.
/ə ˈwɪntər ɪn mɑːnˈtænə hæd meɪd ˈsɑːrdʒənt pruːf əˈɡenst ˈeni koʊld waɪl ðə ˈbrʌðərz wɜːr ˈneɪtɪv tuː ðæt ˈlætətuːd ɪf nɑːt tuː ðə pleɪnz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

forage noun US /ˈfɔːrɪdʒ/

bulky food like grass or hay for browsing or grazing horses or cattle

From this reading “Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.”

freshened verb US /ˈfreʃənd/

past form of “freshen” — make (to feel) fresh

From this reading “Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.”

frosts noun US /frɔːsts/

plural of “frost” — ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading “Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.”

greened verb US /ɡriːnd/

past form of “green” — turn or become green

From this reading “Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.”

inured adjective US /ˌɪˈnjʊrd/

made tough by habitual exposure

From this reading “Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.”

matured adjective US /məˈtjʊrd/

fully ripe; at the height of bloom

From this reading “Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.”

Montana noun US /mɑːnˈtænə/

a state in northwestern United States on the Canadian border

From this reading “A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.”

Sargent noun US /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/

United States painter (born in Italy) known for his society portraits (1856-1925)

From this reading “A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sunny slopes adjective + noun counted as “sunny slope”

In this reading “Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

abundantadjectiveUS /əˈbʌndənt/

present in great quantity

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

assuringadjectiveUS /əˈʃʊrɪŋ/

giving confidence

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

buffalonounUS /ˈbʌfəloʊ/

large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

curedadjectiveUS /kjʊrd/

freed from illness or injury

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

foragenounUS /ˈfɔːrɪdʒ/

bulky food like grass or hay for browsing or grazing horses or cattle

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

freshenedverbUS /ˈfreʃənd/

past form of “freshen” — make (to feel) fresh

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

frostsnounUS /frɔːsts/

plural of “frost” — ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

greenedverbUS /ɡriːnd/

past form of “green” — turn or become green

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

idealadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

inuredadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnjʊrd/

made tough by habitual exposure

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

latitudenounUS /ˈlætətuːd/

the angular distance between an imaginary line around a heavenly body parallel to its equator and the equator itself

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

LightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

ManlyadjectiveUS /ˈmænli/

possessing qualities befitting a man

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

maturedadjectiveUS /məˈtjʊrd/

fully ripe; at the height of bloom

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

MontananounUS /mɑːnˈtænə/

a state in northwestern United States on the Canadian border

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

OPENverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

pasturagenoun

succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

quartettenoun

four performers or singers who perform together

From this reading Manly was the only one of the quartette not inured to a northern climate.

rainsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “rain” — water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

SargentnounUS /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/

United States painter (born in Italy) known for his society portraits (1856-1925)

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

slopesnounUS /sloʊps/

plural of “slope” — an elevated geological formation

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

sunnyadjectiveUS /ˈsʌni/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Between the early and late fall frosts, the range matured into perfect winter pasturage.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Light rains in September freshened the buffalo grass until it greened on the sunny slopes, cured into hay as the fall advanced, thus assuring abundant forage to the cattle.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading A winter in Montana had made Sargent proof against any cold, while the brothers were native to that latitude if not to the plains.

WINTERnounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading AN OPEN WINTER An ideal Indian summer was enjoyed.

Chapter 17 of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings by Andy Adams holds 193 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings contain?

Chapter 17 holds 193 sentences of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings by Andy Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 193 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings

Common questions about reading Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings by Andy Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings?

Yes. All 4194 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12791 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12791, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings take to read?

About 349 minutes of reading across 839 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Patient
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Feverish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Night
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.