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West Wind Drift
West Wind Drift

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of West Wind Drift is here in full — 238 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for West Wind Drift
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.
The blows were rapid and vigorous.
The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.
Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?
Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

West Wind Drift

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of West Wind Drift is here in full — 238 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.
Line 2
The blows were rapid and vigorous.
/ðə bloʊz wɜːr ˈræpəd ənd ˈvɪɡərəs/
Line 3
The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.
/ðə sərˈpraɪzd ˈpiːpəl lʊkt æt iːtʃ ˈʌðər fɜːrst ɪn ˈwʌndər ənd ðen ɪn ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/
Line 4
Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?
/huː wɑːz ˈɡɪlti ʌv ðɪs ənˈsiːmli ˈsækrələdʒ/
Line 5
Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blows noun US /bloʊz/

plural of “blow” — a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon

From this reading “The blows were rapid and vigorous.”

congregation noun US /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading “Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.”

consternation noun US /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading “The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.”

exercises noun US /ˈeksərsaɪzəz/

plural of “exercise” — the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading “Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.”

multitude noun US /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading “Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.”

sacrilege noun US /ˈsækrələdʒ/

blasphemous behavior; the act of depriving something of its sacred character

From this reading “Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?”

unseemly adjective US /ənˈsiːmli/

not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society

From this reading “Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?”

vigorous adjective US /ˈvɪɡərəs/

characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity

From this reading “The blows were rapid and vigorous.”

All words in this reading · 42

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The blows were rapid and vigorous.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

axnounUS /æks/

an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

blowsnounUS /bloʊz/

plural of “blow” — a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon

From this reading The blows were rapid and vigorous.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

congregationnounUS /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

consternationnounUS /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

exercisesnounUS /ˈeksərsaɪzəz/

plural of “exercise” — the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

FinallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

guiltyadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪlti/

responsible for or chargeable with a reprehensible act

From this reading Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading The blows were rapid and vigorous.

sacrilegenounUS /ˈsækrələdʒ/

blasphemous behavior; the act of depriving something of its sacred character

From this reading Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?

smiting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

startledadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrtəld/

excited by sudden surprise or alarm and making a quick involuntary movement

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

TowardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

unseemlyadjectiveUS /ənˈsiːmli/

not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society

From this reading Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?

vigorousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪɡərəs/

characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity

From this reading The blows were rapid and vigorous.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The blows were rapid and vigorous.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Who was guilty of this unseemly sacrilege?

wielder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Finally those on the edge of the multitude discovered the wielder of the ax.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading The surprised people looked at each other first in wonder and then in consternation.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading Toward the close of the exercises, the congregation was startled by the sound of an ax smiting wood.

Chapter 20 of West Wind Drift by George Barr McCutcheon holds 238 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of West Wind Drift contain?

Chapter 20 holds 238 sentences of West Wind Drift, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of West Wind Drift by George Barr McCutcheon exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 238 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of West Wind Drift?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading West Wind Drift

Common questions about reading West Wind Drift by George Barr McCutcheon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of West Wind Drift?

Yes. All 7048 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6014 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of West Wind Drift is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6014, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does West Wind Drift take to read?

About 587 minutes of reading across 1410 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read West Wind Drift section by section

How to work through West Wind Drift section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of West Wind Drift to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in West Wind Drift

Words and structures a reader meets early in West Wind Drift, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Captain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of West Wind Drift; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Liner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of West Wind Drift; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sailed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of West Wind Drift; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Two-score
A word that appears in the opening chapter of West Wind Drift; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.