Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Westways: A Village Chronicle
Westways: A Village Chronicle

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Westways: A Village Chronicle is here in full — 534 sentences across 107 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Westways: A Village Chronicle
Context Illustration Reading 1/106 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.
The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.
Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.
The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.
Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Westways: A Village Chronicle

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Westways: A Village Chronicle is here in full — 534 sentences across 107 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/106 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.
Line 2
The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.
/ðə ˈhɔːrsəz ənd ðə ˈsteɪbəlz wɜːr tuː biː lʊkt ˈoʊvər ˈevəri deɪ/
Line 3
Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.
Line 4
The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.
Line 5
Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acre noun US /ˈeɪkər/

a unit of area (4840 square yards) used in English-speaking countries

From this reading “The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.”

blacks noun US /blæks/

plural of “black” — the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading “Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.”

crop noun US /krɑːp/

the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading “The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.”

Maryland noun US /ˈmerələnd/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.”

plundered adjective US /ˈplʌndərd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading “The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.”

Quaker noun US /ˈkweɪkər/

a member of the Religious Society of Friends founded by George Fox (the Friends have never called themselves Quakers)

From this reading “The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.”

responsibilities noun US /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “responsibility” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading “Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.”

tacit adjective US /ˈtæsɪt/

implied by or inferred from actions or statements

From this reading “Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

acrenounUS /ˈeɪkər/

a unit of area (4840 square yards) used in English-speaking countries

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

Ann

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

Ann's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

apple-orchards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

avoidedverbUS /əˈvɔɪdɪd/

past form of “avoid” — stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

blacksnounUS /blæks/

plural of “black” — the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

confessverbUS /kənˈfes/

confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

consentnounUS /kənˈsent/

permission to do something

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

country-bredadjective

rough and uncouth

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

criticaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/

marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

cropnounUS /krɑːp/

the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

discussionnounUS /dɪˈskʌʃən/

an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

gravelyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪvli/

in a grave and sober manner

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

honestlyadverbUS /ˈɑːnəstli/

(used as intensives reflecting the speaker's attitude) it is sincerely the case that

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

kitchen-garden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

MarylandnounUS /ˈmerələnd/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

modelnounUS /ˈmɑːdəl/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

Penhallow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

plunderedadjectiveUS /ˈplʌndərd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

QuakernounUS /ˈkweɪkər/

a member of the Religious Society of Friends founded by George Fox (the Friends have never called themselves Quakers)

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

responsibilitiesnounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “responsibility” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

satisfactoryadjectiveUS /ˌsætəˈsfæktri/

giving satisfaction

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

slaverynounUS /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

SquirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

Squire's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

stablesnounUS /ˈsteɪbəlz/

plural of “stable” — a farm building for housing horses or other livestock

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

tacitadjectiveUS /ˈtæsɪt/

implied by or inferred from actions or statements

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Penhallow had gravely told John that in his absence he must look after the stables and the farm, so that now he had for the first time in his life responsibilities.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

VeryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The horses and the stables were to be looked over every day.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Of course, too, he must ride to the Squire's farm, which was two miles away, and which was considered a model of all that a farm should be.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Very many years before slavery had become by tacit consent avoided as a subject for discussion, Mrs. Ann critical of what his farm cost, being herself country-bred, had said that if it were worked with Maryland blacks it would pay and pay well.

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The crop yield to the acre was most satisfactory, but when some one of the old Quaker farmers, whose apple-orchards the Squire had plundered when young, walked over it and asked, "Well, James, how much did thee clear this last year?" the owner would honestly confess that Mrs. Ann's kitchen-garden paid better; but then she gave away what the house did not use.

Chapter 8 of Westways: A Village Chronicle by S. Weir (Silas Weir) Mitchell holds 534 sentences, grouped into 107 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Westways: A Village Chronicle contain?

Chapter 8 holds 534 sentences of Westways: A Village Chronicle, unabridged, divided into 107 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Westways: A Village Chronicle by S. Weir (Silas Weir) Mitchell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 534 sentences, grouped into 107 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Westways: A Village Chronicle?

Work through the 107 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 107 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Westways: A Village Chronicle

Common questions about reading Westways: A Village Chronicle by S. Weir (Silas Weir) Mitchell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Westways: A Village Chronicle?

Yes. All 12377 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14153 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Westways: A Village Chronicle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14153, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Westways: A Village Chronicle take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2476 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Westways: A Village Chronicle section by section

How to work through Westways: A Village Chronicle section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 34 chapters of Westways: A Village Chronicle to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Westways: A Village Chronicle

Words and structures a reader meets early in Westways: A Village Chronicle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Penhallow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crossed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alleghanies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.