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Westways: A Village Chronicle
Westways: A Village Chronicle

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Westways: A Village Chronicle is here in full — 258 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
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The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.
His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.
Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.
The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.
While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Westways: A Village Chronicle

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Westways: A Village Chronicle is here in full — 258 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.
Line 2
His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.
Line 3
Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.
/ˈmiːnwaɪl ðer wɜːr noʊ tɔːks əˈbaʊt ˈpɑːlətɪks æt ɡreɪ paɪn/
Line 4
The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.
Line 5
While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.
/waɪl ˈdʌɡləs dɪˈfaɪnd hɪz əˈpɪnjənz ɪn ðə ˈsenət ənd ˈdʒefərsən ˈdeɪvəs meɪd pleɪn ðæt ðə ˈjuːnjən wʊd biː dɪˈzɑːlvd ɪf ə ˈrædəkəl rɪˈpʌblɪkən wɜːr ɪˈlektəd ɪt bɪˈkeɪm klɪr ðæt ðə ˌdeməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑːrti wɪtʃ ɪn ˈeɪprəl wɑːz tuː ˈnɑːmənət ˈkændədeɪts wʊd biː ˈʌðər ðæn ʌv wʌn maɪnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

candidates noun US /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading “While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.”

Democratic adjective US /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading “While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.”

dissolved adjective US /dɪˈzɑːlvd/

(of solid matter) reduced to a liquid form

From this reading “While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.”

economies noun US /ɪˈkɑːnəmiz/

plural of “economy” — the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading “The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.”

highways noun US /ˈhaɪweɪz/

plural of “highway” — a major road for any form of motor transport

From this reading “His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.”

Jefferson noun US /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading “While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.”

nation's noun US /ˈneɪʃənz/

possessive form of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading “His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.”

nominate verb US /ˈnɑːmənət/

propose as a candidate for some honor

From this reading “While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1860

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

by-ways

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

candidatesnounUS /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

DavisnounUS /ˈdeɪvəs/

English navigator who explored the Arctic while searching for the Northwest Passage (1550-1605)

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

debateverbUS /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

definedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfaɪnd/

clearly characterized or delimited

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

DemocraticadjectiveUS /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

dissolvedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɑːlvd/

(of solid matter) reduced to a liquid form

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

DouglasnounUS /ˈdʌɡləs/

United States politician who proposed that individual territories be allowed to decide whether they would have slavery; he engaged in a famous series of debates with Abraham Lincoln (1813-1861)

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

economiesnounUS /ɪˈkɑːnəmiz/

plural of “economy” — the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.

electedadjectiveUS /ɪˈlektəd/

subject to popular election

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.

GreyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

highwaysnounUS /ˈhaɪweɪz/

plural of “highway” — a major road for any form of motor transport

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

JeffersonnounUS /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

MeanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

nation'snounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

possessive form of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

nominateverbUS /ˈnɑːmənət/

propose as a candidate for some honor

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

PinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

radicalnounUS /ˈrædəkəl/

(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

RepublicannounUS /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

a member of the Republican Party

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

SeasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.

SenatenounUS /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

talksnounUS /tɔːks/

a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

unwontedadjective

unaccustomed or unusual

From this reading The Christmas Season had again gone by with unwonted economies.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Meanwhile there were no talks about politics at Grey Pine.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The figure of Lincoln had been set on the by-ways of State politics by his debate with Douglas.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading While Douglas defined his opinions in the Senate and Jefferson Davis made plain that the Union would be dissolved if a radical Republican were elected, it became clear that the Democratic party which in April was to nominate candidates would be other than of one mind.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading His address in New York in February of 1860 set him on the highways of the nation's life.

Chapter 18 of Westways: A Village Chronicle by S. Weir (Silas Weir) Mitchell holds 258 sentences, grouped into 52 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Westways: A Village Chronicle contain?

Chapter 18 holds 258 sentences of Westways: A Village Chronicle, unabridged, divided into 52 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Westways: A Village Chronicle by S. Weir (Silas Weir) Mitchell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 258 sentences, grouped into 52 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Westways: A Village Chronicle?

Work through the 52 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 52 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Westways: A Village Chronicle

Common questions about reading Westways: A Village Chronicle by S. Weir (Silas Weir) Mitchell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Westways: A Village Chronicle?

Yes. All 12377 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14153 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Westways: A Village Chronicle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14153, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Westways: A Village Chronicle take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2476 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Westways: A Village Chronicle

Words and structures a reader meets early in Westways: A Village Chronicle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Penhallow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crossed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alleghanies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Westways: A Village Chronicle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.