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Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail
Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail
Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.
Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.
Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.
The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.
In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.
Line 2
Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.
/ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ ˈoʊvər triː stʌmps ənd θruː ˈʌndərbrʌʃ hiː kənˈtɪnjuːəli bɪˈreɪtɪd hɪmˈself fɔːr ˈhævɪŋ ˈweɪstɪd soʊ mʌtʃ ˈvæljəbəl taɪm ɪn ˈtɔːkɪŋ/
Line 3
Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.
Line 4
The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.
Line 5
In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.
/ɪn sʌm ˈpleɪsəz θruː ðə ˈfɔːrəst ɑːn ðə weɪ tuː ðə leɪk ˈtwaɪlaɪt wɑːz pərˈpetʃuːəl ðə triːz ˈbiːɪŋ soʊ ˈθɪkli ˈklʌstərd ðæt ðə ˈsʌnlaɪt wɑːz fərˈevər bɑːrd frʌm ˈpenətreɪtɪŋ θruː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

berated verb US /bɪˈreɪtɪd/

past form of “berate” — censure severely or angrily

From this reading “Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.”

clustered adjective US /ˈklʌstərd/

growing close together but not in dense mats

From this reading “In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.”

optimistic adjective US /ˌɑːptəˈmɪstɪk/

expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds

From this reading “Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.”

penetrating adjective US /ˈpenətreɪtɪŋ/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading “In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.”

rained verb US /reɪnd/

past form of “rain” — precipitate as rain

From this reading “The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.”

Stumbling verb US /ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading “Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.”

stumps noun US /stʌmps/

plural of “stump” — the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled

From this reading “Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.”

underbrush noun US /ˈʌndərbrʌʃ/

the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest

From this reading “Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

four days noun + noun

In this reading “The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.”

Stumbling over verb + particle counted as “stumble over”

In this reading “Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.”

damp earth adjective + noun

In this reading “Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.”

through the forest preposition + article + noun counted as “through … forest”

In this reading “In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.”

some places adjective + noun counted as “some place”

In this reading “In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.

barredadjectiveUS /bɑːrd/

preventing entry or exit or a course of action

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

beratedverbUS /bɪˈreɪtɪd/

past form of “berate” — censure severely or angrily

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

clusteredadjectiveUS /ˈklʌstərd/

growing close together but not in dense mats

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

continuallyadverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəli/

seemingly without interruption

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

foreveradverbUS /fərˈevər/

for a limitless time

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

hadn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

Lola

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

optimisticadjectiveUS /ˌɑːptəˈmɪstɪk/

expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds

From this reading Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

penetratingadjectiveUS /ˈpenətreɪtɪŋ/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

perpetualadjectiveUS /pərˈpetʃuːəl/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

rainedverbUS /reɪnd/

past form of “rain” — precipitate as rain

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

Rip's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

StumblingverbUS /ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

stumpsnounUS /stʌmps/

plural of “stump” — the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

sunlightnounUS /ˈsʌnlaɪt/

the rays of the sun

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

talkingnounUS /ˈtɔːkɪŋ/

an exchange of ideas via conversation

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

thicklyadverbUS /ˈθɪkli/

spoken with poor articulation as if with a thick tongue

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The ground must always be damp around there, he thought, for it hadn’t rained in the mountains since they arrived four days ago.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

tracksnounUS /træks/

plural of “track” — a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading Here and there he could see Rip’s tracks in the soft damp earth.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

twilightnounUS /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

underbrushnounUS /ˈʌndərbrʌʃ/

the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

wasn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.

wastedadjectiveUS /ˈweɪstɪd/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading Stumbling over tree stumps and through underbrush, he continually berated himself for having wasted so much valuable time in talking.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In some places through the forest, on the way to the lake, twilight was perpetual, the trees being so thickly clustered that the sunlight was forever barred from penetrating through.

Westy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Westy wasn’t as optimistic as Lola.

Chapter 19 of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail by Percy Keese Fitzhugh holds 32 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail contain?

Chapter 19 holds 32 sentences of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail by Percy Keese Fitzhugh exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 32 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail

Common questions about reading Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail by Percy Keese Fitzhugh on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail section by section

How to work through Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail

Words and structures a reader meets early in Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Westy Martin on the Santa Fe Trail, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.