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What Is Man? and Other Essays
What Is Man? and Other Essays

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of What Is Man? and Other Essays is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.
We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.
I offered prizes, tooapples.
I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.
The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being over by the arbor,” or in the oak parlor,” or up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What Is Man? and Other Essays

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of What Is Man? and Other Essays is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.
/wiː ɡɑːt ə ɡʊd diːl ʌv fʌn aʊt ʌv ðə ˈhɪstəri roʊd ənd ˈeksərsaɪz tuː/
Line 2
We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.
Line 3
I offered prizes, tooapples.
Line 4
I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.
/aɪ θruː wʌn æz fɑːr æz aɪ kʊd send ɪt ənd ðə tʃaɪld ðæt fɜːrst ˈʃaʊtɪd ðə reɪn ɪt fel ɪn ɡɑːt ðə ˈæpəl/
Line 5
The children were encouraged to stop locating things as beingover by the arbor,” orin the oak parlor,” orup at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arbor noun US /ˈɑːrbər/

tree (as opposed to shrub)

From this reading “The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.”

Commonwealth noun US /ˈkɑːmənwelθ/

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading “The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.”

locating noun US /ˈloʊkeɪtɪŋ/

the act of putting something in a certain place

From this reading “The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.”

prizes noun US /ˈpraɪzəz/

plural of “prize” — something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading “I offered prizes, too—apples.”

reigns noun US /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading “We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.”

slowing noun US /ˈsloʊɪŋ/

a decrease in rate of change

From this reading “We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.”

stakes noun US /steɪks/

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading “We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.”

statistics noun US /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading “We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

applenounUS /ˈæpəl/

fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

applesnounUS /ˈæpəlz/

plural of “apple” — fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading I offered prizes, too—apples.

arbornounUS /ˈɑːrbər/

tree (as opposed to shrub)

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

CommonwealthnounUS /ˈkɑːmənwelθ/

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

conquerornounUS /ˈkɑːŋkərər/

someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

datesnounUS /deɪts/

plural of “date” — the specified day of the month

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

encouragedadjectiveUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒd/

inspired with confidence

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

funnounUS /fʌn/

activities that are enjoyable or amusing

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

gaitnounUS /ɡeɪt/

the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I offered prizes, too—apples.

IIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

locatingnounUS /ˈloʊkeɪtɪŋ/

the act of putting something in a certain place

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading I offered prizes, too—apples.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

parlornounUS /ˈpɑːrlər/

reception room in an inn or club where visitors can be received

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

Plantagenetnoun

the family name of a line of English kings that reigned from 1154 to 1485

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

prizesnounUS /ˈpraɪzəz/

plural of “prize” — something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading I offered prizes, too—apples.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

reignsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

slowingnounUS /ˈsloʊɪŋ/

a decrease in rate of change

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

stakesnounUS /steɪks/

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

statisticsnounUS /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

StephennounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

StuartnounUS /ˈstuːərt/

United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading I threw one as far as I could send it, and the child that first shouted the reign it fell in got the apple.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

trottedverbUS /ˈtrɑːtɪd/

inflected form of “trot” — run at a moderately swift pace

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We got a good deal of fun out of the history road; and exercise, too.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The children were encouraged to stop locating things as being “over by the arbor,” or “in the oak parlor,” or “up at the stone steps,” and say instead that the things were in Stephen, or in the Commonwealth, or in George III.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading We trotted the course from the conqueror to the study, the children calling out the names, dates, and length of reigns as we passed the stakes, going a good gait along the long reigns, but slowing down when we came upon people like Mary and Edward VI., and the short Stuart and Plantagenet, to give time to get in the statistics.

Chapter 18 of What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain holds 171 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of What Is Man? and Other Essays contain?

Chapter 18 holds 171 sentences of What Is Man? and Other Essays, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 171 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of What Is Man? and Other Essays?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading What Is Man? and Other Essays

Common questions about reading What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of What Is Man? and Other Essays?

Yes. All 5187 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of What Is Man? and Other Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does What Is Man? and Other Essays take to read?

About 432 minutes of reading across 1038 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through What Is Man? and Other Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in What Is Man? and Other Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in What Is Man? and Other Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Machine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Personal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Merit
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.