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What Is Man? and Other Essays
What Is Man? and Other Essays

Chapter XXX · Chapter 30

Chapter 30 of What Is Man? and Other Essays is here in full — 172 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.
We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.
Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.
Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.
The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What Is Man? and Other Essays

Chapter XXX · Chapter 30

Chapter 30 of What Is Man? and Other Essays is here in full — 172 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.
Line 2
We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of himall cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.
Line 3
Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.
Line 4
Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.
Line 5
The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?
/ðə maʊs ɪz ˈmɪsɪŋ ðə ˈkwestʃən tuː biː ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɪz wer ɪz ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cipher noun US /ˈsaɪ.fər/

A secret or disguised way of writing; a code used to conceal ancient secrets.

From this reading “Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.”

cultured adjective US /ˈkʌltʃərd/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading “We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.”

erudite adjective US /ˈerədaɪt/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading “We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.”

illustrate verb US /ˈɪləstreɪt/

clarify by giving an example of

From this reading “Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.”

memorials noun US /məˈmɔːriəlz/

plural of “memorial” — a recognition of meritorious service

From this reading “We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.”

scarred adjective US /skɑːrd/

deeply affected or marked by mental or physical pain or injury

From this reading “We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.”

systems noun US /ˈsɪstəmz/

plural of “system” — instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading “Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.”

uneducated adjective US /əˈnedʒʊkeɪtɪd/

not having a good education

From this reading “We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

assumeverbUS /əˈsuːm/

take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

Baconian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

calculatedadjectiveUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

cat-knowledge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

cellnounUS /sel/

A small stone room in a prison where an inmate is locked behind iron bars.

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

ciphernounUS /ˈsaɪ.fər/

A secret or disguised way of writing; a code used to conceal ancient secrets.

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

crackless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

culturedadjectiveUS /ˈkʌltʃərd/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

eruditeadjectiveUS /ˈerədaɪt/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

exitless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

graspverbUS /ɡræsp/

hold firmly

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

holeless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

homelyadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊmli/

lacking in physical beauty or proportion

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

house-fed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

illustrateverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪt/

clarify by giving an example of

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

inexperiencedadjectiveUS /ɪnɪkˈspɪriənst/

lacking practical experience or training

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

introduceverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːs/

cause to come to know personally

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?

kittennounUS /ˈkɪtən/

young domestic cat

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

lap-bred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

limitlessly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

LockverbUS /lɑːk/

fasten with a lock

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

memorialsnounUS /məˈmɔːriəlz/

plural of “memorial” — a recognition of meritorious service

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

missingadjectiveUS /ˈmɪsɪŋ/

not able to be found

From this reading The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?

mousenounUS /maʊs/

any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

prison-cell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?

rudder-post

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

scarredadjectiveUS /skɑːrd/

deeply affected or marked by mental or physical pain or injury

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

Shakespearite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

stemnounUS /stem/

(linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

strenuousadjectiveUS /ˈstrenjuːəs/

characterized by or performed with much energy or force

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

systemsnounUS /ˈsɪstəmz/

plural of “system” — instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

that's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

uneducatedadjectiveUS /əˈnedʒʊkeɪtɪd/

not having a good education

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

unintelligentadjective

lacking intelligence

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Lock the three up in a holeless, crackless, exitless prison-cell.

WaitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading Wait half an hour, then open the cell, introduce a Shakespearite and a Baconian, and let them cipher and assume.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The mouse is missing: the question to be decided is, where is it?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We will suppose a case: take a lap-bred, house-fed, uneducated, inexperienced kitten; take a rugged old Tom that’s scarred from stem to rudder-post with the memorials of strenuous experience, and is so cultured, so educated, so limitlessly erudite that one may say of him “all cat-knowledge is his province”; also, take a mouse.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Let me try to illustrate the two systems in a simple and homely way calculated to bring the idea within the grasp of the ignorant and unintelligent.

Chapter 30 of What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain holds 172 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of What Is Man? and Other Essays contain?

Chapter 30 holds 172 sentences of What Is Man? and Other Essays, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 172 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of What Is Man? and Other Essays?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading What Is Man? and Other Essays

Common questions about reading What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of What Is Man? and Other Essays?

Yes. All 5187 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of What Is Man? and Other Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does What Is Man? and Other Essays take to read?

About 432 minutes of reading across 1038 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read What Is Man? and Other Essays section by section

How to work through What Is Man? and Other Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in What Is Man? and Other Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in What Is Man? and Other Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Machine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Personal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Merit
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Is Man? and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.