Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
What Necessity Knows
What Necessity Knows

Chapter VIII

Cover illustration for What Necessity Knows
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.
Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.
That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.
The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.
With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What Necessity Knows

Chapter VIII

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.
Line 2
Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.
Line 3
That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.
Line 4
The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.
Line 5
With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.”

Enclosure noun US /ˈenclosure/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.”

Handsome noun US /ˈhandsome/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.”

Itself pronoun US /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading “The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.”

Name noun US /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

age

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

apt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

assistant-masters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

assistants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

best

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

boarding-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

boys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

brick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

building

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

Chellaston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

chief

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

College

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

commodious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

derived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

education

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

eighteen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

enclosurenounUS /ˈenclosure/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

evince

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

frequented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

given

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

grand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

greatly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

handsomenounUS /ˈhandsome/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

head-master

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

head-master's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

higher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

hotel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

houses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

income

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

insignificant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

institution

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

largest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

namenounUS /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

New

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

obtained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

ordinary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

owned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

places

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

position

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

Principal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

Professors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

pupils

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

schools

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

season

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

size

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

square

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.

summer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

terms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With that love of grand terms which a new country is apt to evince, the head-master was called "The Principal," and his assistants "Professors."

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

townspeople

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

used

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

village

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

visitors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The village of Chellaston was, in itself, insignificant.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading That which gave Chellaston a position and name above other places of the same size in the country was an institution called "The New College," in which boys up to the age of eighteen were given a higher education than could be obtained at ordinary schools.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Its chief income was derived from summer visitors; its largest building was an hotel, greatly frequented in summer; and its best houses were owned by townspeople, who used them only at that season.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The college was a square brick building, not handsome, but commodious; and in the same enclosure with it were the head-master's house, and a boarding-house in which the assistant-masters lived with the pupils.