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What Necessity Knows
What Necessity Knows

Chapter XXVIII

Cover illustration for What Necessity Knows
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.
She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.
She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.
She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.
After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What Necessity Knows

Chapter XXVIII

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.
Line 2
She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.
Line 3
She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.
Line 4
She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.
Line 5
After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.”

Left noun US /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.”

Length noun US /leŋθ/

a period of time or extent

From this reading “She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.”

Looked noun US /looked/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.”

Open verb US /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading “Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.”

Stopped noun US /stopped/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.”

Till preposition US /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.”

Waiting noun US /ˈwaiting/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

almost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

bells

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

bough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

brother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

carriage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

chamber

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

church

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

church-going

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

clergyman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

college

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

cows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

drive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

Eliza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

elm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

empty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

fissures

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

floor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

front

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

gig

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

grounds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

heard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

intently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

knew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

leftnounUS /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

lengthnounUS /leŋθ/

a period of time or extent

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

lookednounUS /looked/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

milked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

moss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

played

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

ring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

roof

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

rough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

sat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

saw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

seen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had seen the cows milked, and now heard the church bells ring.

shrub

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

spruce

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

stoppednounUS /stopped/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

stray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

sunbeams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

Trenholme's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

waiting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading After waiting till the last church-going gig had passed on the road and the bells had stopped, she went into the college grounds by a back way, and on to the front of Trenholme's house.

windows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading She looked intently through the fissures of the spruce shrub walls till at length she saw a light carriage drive away from the college grounds with the clergyman and his brother in it.

woodland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliza sat still in her rough woodland chamber till the stray sunbeams had left its floor of moss and played only through the high open windows in the elm bough roof.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading She knew now that their house would be left almost empty.