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What Norman Saw in the West
What Norman Saw in the West

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of What Norman Saw in the West is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for What Norman Saw in the West
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
COLLINGWOOD.
Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”
A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.
A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.
They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What Norman Saw in the West

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of What Norman Saw in the West is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
COLLINGWOOD.
Line 2
Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”
Line 3
A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.
/ə braɪt bænd ʌv laɪt ˈklɪrli dɪˈfaɪnd ðə ˈiːstərn hərˈaɪzən ənd ˈherəldɪd ðə əˈproʊtʃ ʌv ðə sʌn/
Line 4
A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.
Line 5
They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ash noun US /æʃ/

the residue that remains when something is burned

From this reading ““Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.””

chestnut adjective US /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading ““Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.””

defined adjective US /dɪˈfaɪnd/

clearly characterized or delimited

From this reading “A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.”

dotted adjective US /ˈdɑːtəd/

having a pattern of dots

From this reading “They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.”

Forests noun US /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading ““Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.””

Georgian noun US /ˈdʒɔːrdʒən/

a native or resident of the American state of Georgia

From this reading “They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.”

heralded adjective US /ˈherəldɪd/

publicly announced

From this reading “A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.”

southwestern adjective US /ˌsaʊˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southwest

From this reading “They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

clearly defined adverb + adjective

In this reading “A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.”

eastern horizon adjective + noun

In this reading “A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.”

giant oak noun + noun

In this reading ““Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.””

along the shore preposition + article + noun counted as “along … shore”

In this reading “A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.”

clear atmosphere verb + noun

In this reading “A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.”

stood out verb + adjective

In this reading “A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.”

approach of verb + particle

In this reading “A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

ashnounUS /æʃ/

the residue that remains when something is burned

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

burnedadjectiveUS /bɜːrnd/

treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

Buttonwoodnoun

very large spreading plane tree of eastern and central North America to Mexico

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

chestnutadjectiveUS /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

clearingnounUS /ˈklɪrɪŋ/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

COLLINGWOOD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading COLLINGWOOD.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

definedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfaɪnd/

clearly characterized or delimited

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

distinctnessnoun

the quality of being sharp and clear

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

dottedadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːtəd/

having a pattern of dots

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

easternadjectiveUS /ˈiːstərn/

lying toward or situated in the east

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

ForestsnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

GeorgiannounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒən/

a native or resident of the American state of Georgia

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

heraldedadjectiveUS /ˈherəldɪd/

publicly announced

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

horizonnounUS /hərˈaɪzən/

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

indented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

islandsnounUS /ˈaɪləndz/

plural of “island” — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

southwesternadjectiveUS /ˌsaʊˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southwest

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

spareverbUS /sper/

refrain from harming

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

steamernounUS /ˈstiːmər/

a clam that is usually steamed in the shell

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

strokenounUS /stroʊk/

(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading A bright band of light clearly defined the eastern horizon, and heralded the approach of the sun.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were in Georgian Bay, dotted with pretty islands, and near the southwestern shore, deeply indented and covered with timber.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A steamer, making its way along the shore, stood out with great distinctness in the clear atmosphere.

woodman's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Forests burned for clearing, to spare the woodman’s stroke, Buttonwood and chestnut, and ash, and giant oak.”

Chapter 21 of What Norman Saw in the West by Julia M. (Julia Matilda) Olin holds 46 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of What Norman Saw in the West contain?

Chapter 21 holds 46 sentences of What Norman Saw in the West, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of What Norman Saw in the West by Julia M. (Julia Matilda) Olin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 46 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of What Norman Saw in the West?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading What Norman Saw in the West

Common questions about reading What Norman Saw in the West by Julia M. (Julia Matilda) Olin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of What Norman Saw in the West?

Yes. All 1497 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57854 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of What Norman Saw in the West is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57854, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does What Norman Saw in the West take to read?

About 124 minutes of reading across 300 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read What Norman Saw in the West section by section

How to work through What Norman Saw in the West section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of What Norman Saw in the West to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in What Norman Saw in the West

Words and structures a reader meets early in What Norman Saw in the West, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Norman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Winter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Woodlawn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.