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What Norman Saw in the West
What Norman Saw in the West

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of What Norman Saw in the West is here in full — 50 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for What Norman Saw in the West
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.
What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!
The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.
WILLIAM HOWITT.
A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What Norman Saw in the West

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of What Norman Saw in the West is here in full — 50 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.
/ə ˈsʌndeɪ ɪn tərˈɑːntoʊ/
Line 2
What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!
Line 3
The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.
Line 4
WILLIAM HOWITT.
Line 5
A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!
/ə braɪt klɪr kuːl ˈsæbəθ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

gainful adjective US /ˈɡeɪnfəl/

yielding a fair profit

From this reading “The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.”

populous adjective US /ˈpɑːpjələs/

densely populated

From this reading “What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!”

Sabbath noun US /ˈsæbəθ/

a day of rest and worship: Sunday for most Christians; Saturday for the Jews and a few Christians; Friday for Muslims

From this reading “A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!”

schemes noun US /skiːmz/

plural of “scheme” — an elaborate and systematic plan of action

From this reading “The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.”

songs noun US /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading “The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.”

spell verb US /spel/

orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of

From this reading “What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!”

sports noun US /spɔːrts/

plural of “sport” — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading “The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.”

toronto noun US /tərˈɑːntoʊ/

the provincial capital and largest city in Ontario (and the largest city in Canada)

From this reading “A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

populous city adjective + noun

In this reading “What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.”

roar of verb + particle

In this reading “The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!

ComeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

cooladjectiveUS /kuːl/

neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat

From this reading A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

display'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

earthward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

gainfuladjectiveUS /ˈɡeɪnfəl/

yielding a fair profit

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

HOWITT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WILLIAM HOWITT.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

o'eradverb

throughout a period of time

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

pass'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

populousadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

densely populated

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

roarverbUS /rɔːr/

make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

SabbathnounUS /ˈsæbəθ/

a day of rest and worship: Sunday for most Christians; Saturday for the Jews and a few Christians; Friday for Muslims

From this reading A bright, clear, cool Sabbath!

schemesnounUS /skiːmz/

plural of “scheme” — an elaborate and systematic plan of action

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

solemnadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləm/

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

soundsnounUS /saʊndz/

plural of “sound” — the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

spellverbUS /spel/

orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

sportsnounUS /spɔːrts/

plural of “sport” — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

stay'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

SUNDAYnounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

TORONTOnounUS /tərˈɑːntoʊ/

the provincial capital and largest city in Ontario (and the largest city in Canada)

From this reading A SUNDAY IN TORONTO.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

vilenessnoun

the quality of being wicked

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What spell has o’er the populous city pass’d!

WILLIAM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WILLIAM HOWITT.

wontedadjective

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading The wonted current of its life is stay’d: Its sports, its gainful schemes, are earthward cast, As though their vileness were at once display’d; The roar of trade has ceased, and on the air Come holy songs, and solemn sounds of prayer.

Chapter 22 of What Norman Saw in the West by Julia M. (Julia Matilda) Olin holds 50 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of What Norman Saw in the West contain?

Chapter 22 holds 50 sentences of What Norman Saw in the West, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of What Norman Saw in the West by Julia M. (Julia Matilda) Olin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 50 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of What Norman Saw in the West?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading What Norman Saw in the West

Common questions about reading What Norman Saw in the West by Julia M. (Julia Matilda) Olin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of What Norman Saw in the West?

Yes. All 1497 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57854 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of What Norman Saw in the West is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57854, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does What Norman Saw in the West take to read?

About 124 minutes of reading across 300 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read What Norman Saw in the West section by section

How to work through What Norman Saw in the West section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of What Norman Saw in the West to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in What Norman Saw in the West

Words and structures a reader meets early in What Norman Saw in the West, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Norman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Winter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Woodlawn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What Norman Saw in the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.