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What's Bred in the Bone
What's Bred in the Bone

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of What's Bred in the Bone is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PERILS BY THE WAY.
Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.
It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.
Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.
Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

What's Bred in the Bone

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of What's Bred in the Bone is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PERILS BY THE WAY.
/ˈperəlz baɪ ðə weɪ/
Line 2
Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.
Line 3
It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.
Line 4
Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.
Line 5
Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Europeans noun US /ˌjʊrəˈpiːənz/

plural of “european” — a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading “Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.”

fugitives noun US /ˈfjuːdʒɪtɪvz/

plural of “fugitive” — someone who flees from an uncongenial situation

From this reading “It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.”

marches noun US /ˈmɑːrtʃɪz/

a region in central Italy

From this reading “It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.”

negotiable adjective US /nəˈɡoʊʃəbəl/

capable of being passed or negotiated

From this reading “Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.”

seaward adjective US /ˈsiːwərd/

(of winds) coming from the land

From this reading “It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.”

shrunken adjective US /ˈʃrʌŋkən/

lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness

From this reading “Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.”

tattered adjective US /ˈtætərd/

worn to shreds; or wearing torn or ragged clothing

From this reading “Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.”

uncivilized adjective US /ənˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

without civilizing influences

From this reading “Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

AfricanadjectiveUS /ˈæfrəkən/

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

buyverbUS /baɪ/

obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading PERILS BY THE WAY.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

commissariatnoun

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

depthsnounUS /depθs/

(plural) the deepest and most remote part

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

diamondsnounUS /ˈdaɪməndz/

plural of “diamond” — a transparent piece of diamond that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

EuropeansnounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːənz/

plural of “european” — a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

fugitivesnounUS /ˈfjuːdʒɪtɪvz/

plural of “fugitive” — someone who flees from an uncongenial situation

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

half-hostile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

half-starved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

helplesslyadverbUS /ˈhelpləsli/

in a helpless manner

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

hopelesslyadverbUS /ˈhoʊpləsli/

in a hopeless manner

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

hungryadjectiveUS /ˈhʌŋɡri/

feeling hunger; feeling a need or desire to eat food

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

Karoo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

leanverbUS /liːn/

to incline or bend from a vertical position

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

marchesnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪz/

a region in central Italy

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

Namaqua

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

Namaquas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

nativesnounUS /ˈneɪtɪvz/

plural of “native” — an indigenous person who was born in a particular place

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

negotiableadjectiveUS /nəˈɡoʊʃəbəl/

capable of being passed or negotiated

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Their commissariat had indeed been a lean and hungry one.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

PERILSnounUS /ˈperəlz/

plural of “peril” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading PERILS BY THE WAY.

permitnounUS /pərˈmɪt/

a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

poundsnounUS /paʊndz/

plural of “pound” — 16 ounces avoirdupois

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

restingverbUS /ˈrestɪŋ/

-ing form of “rest” — not move; be in a resting position

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

seawardadjectiveUS /ˈsiːwərd/

(of winds) coming from the land

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

shrunkenadjectiveUS /ˈʃrʌŋkən/

lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

stonyadjectiveUS /ˈstoʊni/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

stragglingadjective

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

tatteredadjectiveUS /ˈtætərd/

worn to shreds; or wearing torn or ragged clothing

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PERILS BY THE WAY.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

thirstyadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːrsti/

needing moisture

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

torrentnounUS /ˈtɔːrənt/

a heavy rain

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

uncivilizedadjectiveUS /ənˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

without civilizing influences

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

WAYnounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading PERILS BY THE WAY.

wearyverbUS /ˈwɪri/

exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Three weeks later, two torn and tattered, half-starved Europeans sat under a burning South African sun by the dry bed of a shrunken summer torrent.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading Though they carried many thousand pounds' worth of diamonds about their persons, they had nothing negotiable with which to buy food or shelter from the uncivilized Namaquas.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was in the depths of Namaqua land, among the stony Karoo; and the fugitives were straggling, helplessly and hopelessly, seaward, thirsty and weary, through a half-hostile country, making their marches as best they could at dead of night and resting by day where the natives would permit them.

Chapter 31 of What's Bred in the Bone by Grant Allen holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of What's Bred in the Bone contain?

Chapter 31 holds 109 sentences of What's Bred in the Bone, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of What's Bred in the Bone by Grant Allen exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of What's Bred in the Bone?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading What's Bred in the Bone

Common questions about reading What's Bred in the Bone by Grant Allen on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of What's Bred in the Bone?

Yes. All 5838 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6010 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of What's Bred in the Bone is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6010, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does What's Bred in the Bone take to read?

About 486 minutes of reading across 1168 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read What's Bred in the Bone section by section

How to work through What's Bred in the Bone section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of What's Bred in the Bone to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in What's Bred in the Bone

Words and structures a reader meets early in What's Bred in the Bone, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Two's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What's Bred in the Bone; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What's Bred in the Bone; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Engaged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What's Bred in the Bone; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Debating
A word that appears in the opening chapter of What's Bred in the Bone; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.