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When the movies were young
When the movies were young

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of When the movies were young is here in full — 11 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55
From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86
From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102
Annie Lee.
From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

When the movies were young

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of When the movies were young is here in full — 11 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55
Line 2
From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86
Line 3
From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102
Line 4
Annie Lee.
Line 5
From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breakfasts noun US /ˈbrekfəsts/

plural of “breakfast” — the first meal of the day (usually in the morning)

From this reading “_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55”

Brides noun US /braɪdz/

plural of “bride” — a woman who has recently been married

From this reading “From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102”

Griffith's noun US /ˈɡrɪfɪθs/

possessive form of “griffith” — United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

Murphy's noun US /ˈmɜːrfiz/

possessive form of “murphy” — an edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland

Politician's noun US /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

possessive form of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

portraying noun US /pɔːrˈtreɪɪŋ/

a representation by picture or portraiture

From this reading “From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86”

Stanford noun US /ˈstænfərd/

United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University (1824-1893)

From this reading “_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55”

vowel noun US /ˈvaʊəl/

a speech sound made with the vocal tract open

From this reading “From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

stock company noun + noun

a company whose capital is represented by stock

In this reading “_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55”

on the Hearth preposition + article + noun counted as “on … hearth”

In this reading “From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86”

social world adjective + noun

In this reading “_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55”

Love Story noun + noun

a story dealing with love

In this reading “_Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55”

All words in this reading · 122

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

102

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

103

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

38

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

39

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

54

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

55

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

70

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

71

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

86

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

87

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

a-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

actornounUS /ˈæktər/

a theatrical performer

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

admirersnounUS /ədˈmaɪrərz/

plural of “admirer” — a person who backs a politician or a team etc.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Allan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Annie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annie Lee.

Arden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

automobilenounUS /ˈɔːtəmoʊbiːl/

a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

BarbariannounUS /bɑːrˈberiən/

a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Barthelmess

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

Biograph

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Biograph's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

breakfastsnounUS /ˈbrekfəsts/

plural of “breakfast” — the first meal of the day (usually in the morning)

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

BridesnounUS /braɪdz/

plural of “bride” — a woman who has recently been married

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Caudebec

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

consumedverbUS /kənˈsuːmd/

past form of “consume” — eat up completely, as with great appetite

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

CricketnounUS /ˈkrɪkət/

leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Cuddebackville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

EdgarnounUS /ˈedɡər/

the younger brother of Edwy who became king of Northumbria when it renounced Edwy; on Edwy's death he succeeded to the throne of England (944-975)

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Enoch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

FatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

FlorencenounUS /ˈflɔːrəns/

a city in central Italy on the Arno; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

FoolsnounUS /fuːlz/

plural of “fool” — a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

GirlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Grandin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

GriffithnounUS /ˈɡrɪfəθ/

United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Griffith'snounUS /ˈɡrɪfɪθs/

possessive form of “griffith” — United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

HearthnounUS /hɑːrθ/

an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

heartyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrti/

showing warm and heartfelt friendliness

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

HerbertnounUS /ˈhɜːrbərt/

United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

heroinenounUS /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

InnnounUS /ɪn/

a hotel providing overnight lodging for travelers

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Jeanie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

LawrencenounUS /ˈlɔːrəns/

Roman martyr; supposedly Lawrence was ordered by the police to give up the church's treasure and when he responded by presenting the poor people of Rome he was roasted to death on a gridiron (died in 258)

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

LeenounUS /liː/

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading Annie Lee.

legionnounUS /ˈliːdʒən/

archaic terms for army

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

LeonardnounUS /ˈlenərd/

United States writer of thrillers (born in 1925)

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

Linda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

LovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

LucasnounUS /ˈluːkəs/

United States screenwriter and filmmaker (born in 1944)

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

LutenounUS /luːt/

a substance for packing a joint or coating a porous surface to make it impervious to gas or liquid

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

Macpherson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

Marion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

MendedverbUS /ˈmendɪd/

past form of “mend” — restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

Mersereau

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

MoorenounUS /mʊr/

United States composer of works noted for their use of the American vernacular (1893-1969)

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

movienounUS /ˈmuːvi/

a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

murderverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Murphy'snounUS /ˈmɜːrfiz/

possessive form of “murphy” — an edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Mutoscope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Nazimovanoun

United States actress (born in Russia) (1879-1945)

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

OwennounUS /ˈoʊən/

Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities (1771-1858)

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Pedro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

PoenounUS /poʊ/

United States writer and poet (1809-1849)

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Politician'snounUS /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

possessive form of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

portrayingnounUS /pɔːrˈtreɪɪŋ/

a representation by picture or portraiture

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

PowellnounUS /ˈpaʊəl/

United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

PrintedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Pryor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

RegisterverbUS /ˈredʒɪstər/

record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

StanfordnounUS /ˈstænfərd/

United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University (1824-1893)

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

StorynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

towedverbUS /toʊd/

past form of “tow” — drag behind

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

two-reel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

VioletnounUS /ˈvaɪəlɪt/

any of numerous low-growing violas with small flowers

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

vowelnounUS /ˈvaʊəl/

a speech sound made with the vocal tract open

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

Wark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

WhitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Wilfred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From “Enoch Arden,” the first two-reel picture 103 Jeanie Macpherson, Frank Grandin, Linda Griffith and Wilfred Lucas in “Enoch Arden” 103 The vessel that was towed from San Pedro.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading From “Edgar Allan Poe” 70 Herbert Pryor, Linda Griffith, Violet Mersereau and Owen Moore in “The Cricket on the Hearth” 70 “Little Mary” portraying the type of heroine that won her a legion of admirers 71 Register of Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 71 Caudebec Inn at Cuddebackville 86

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading From “The Mended Lute,” made at Cuddebackville 86 Frank Powell, Mr. Griffith’s first $10-a-day actor, with Marion Leonard in “Fools of Fate” 86 Richard Barthelmess with Nazimova in “War Brides” 87 From “Wark” to “work,” with only the difference of a vowel 102 Biograph’s one automobile 102

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading _Printed in the United States of America_ Biograph Mutoscope of the murder of Stanford White 38 The first Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, in “The Barbarian” 39 From “The Politician’s Love Story” 39 The brilliant social world of early movie days 54 “Murphy’s,” where members of Biograph’s original stock company consumed hearty breakfasts 55

Chapter 1 of When the movies were young by Linda Arvidson holds 11 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of When the movies were young contain?

Chapter 1 holds 11 sentences of When the movies were young, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of When the movies were young by Linda Arvidson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 11 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #68850, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 304 minutes of reading across 731 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read When the movies were young section by section

How to work through When the movies were young section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of When the movies were young to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in When the movies were young

Words and structures a reader meets early in When the movies were young, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of When the movies were young; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
United
A word that appears in the opening chapter of When the movies were young; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of When the movies were young; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of When the movies were young; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.