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Whig Against Tory
Whig Against Tory

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Whig Against Tory is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
GEN.
P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.
_Gen. P_.
"Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."
_William_.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Whig Against Tory

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Whig Against Tory is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
GEN.
/dʒen/
Line 2
P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.
Line 3
_Gen. P_.
/dʒen piː/
Line 4
"Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."
/ˈkrɔːzbi æz aɪ sed wɑːz ɪn ə seɪf riˈtriːt ɑːn ðə ˈmaʊntən bɪˈfɔːr ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/
Line 5
_William_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adventures noun US /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading “P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.”

beaten adjective US /ˈbiːtən/

formed or made thin by hammering

From this reading “P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.”

conclusion noun US /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading “P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.”

crosby noun US /ˈkrɔːzbi/

United States singer and film actor (1903-1977)

From this reading “P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.”

cruelly adverb US /ˈkruːli/

excessively

From this reading “P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.”

gen noun US /dʒen/

informal term for information

From this reading “GEN.”

residence noun US /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading “P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.”

retreat noun US /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading “"Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."”

All words in this reading · 38

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

ADVENTURESnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

BEATENadjectiveUS /ˈbiːtən/

formed or made thin by hammering

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

BEINGauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

CONCLUSIONnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

CROSBYnounUS /ˈkrɔːzbi/

United States singer and film actor (1903-1977)

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

CRUELLYadverbUS /ˈkruːli/

excessively

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

DUTCHMAN'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

FARTHERadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

GENnounUS /dʒen/

informal term for information

From this reading GEN.

HEpronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

OBLIGEDadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

PASSverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

RESIDENCEnounUS /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

safeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Crosby, as I said, was in a safe retreat, on the mountain, before morning."

SECRETnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

SHOWverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

TELLSnounUS /telz/

plural of “tell” — a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

WASauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _William_.

WOUNDEDnounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading P. TELLS OF THE FARTHER ADVENTURES OF CROSBY--HOW HE WAS OBLIGED TO SHOW HIS SECRET PASS--OF HIS RESIDENCE AT A DUTCHMAN'S--OF HIS BEING CRUELLY BEATEN AND WOUNDED.--CONCLUSION.

Chapter 8 of Whig Against Tory by Unknown holds 119 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Whig Against Tory contain?

Chapter 8 holds 119 sentences of Whig Against Tory, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Whig Against Tory by Unknown exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 119 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Whig Against Tory?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Chapter 1
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