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White Lies
White Lies

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of White Lies is here in full — 291 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/58 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.
By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.
In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.
So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.
For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

White Lies

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of White Lies is here in full — 291 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.
/ðə frentʃ ˈprɑːvənsəz wɜːr naʊ ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd əˈpɑːn ə hæf ˈmɪləteri plæn baɪ wɪtʃ ɔːl ðə ˈloʊkəl əˈθɔːrətiz ˈreɪdieɪtɪd təˈwɔːrdz ə ˈsentər ʌv ˈɡʌvərmənt/
Line 2
By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.
Line 3
In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.
Line 4
So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.
Line 5
For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brittany noun US /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading “For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.”

Commandant noun US /ˌkɑːmənˈdɑːnt/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading “For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.”

infused verb US /ˌɪnˈfjuːzd/

past form of “infuse” — teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

From this reading “So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.”

integrity noun US /ˌɪnˈteɡrəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading “For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.”

premium noun US /ˈpriːmiəm/

payment for insurance

From this reading “In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.”

radiated verb US /ˈreɪdieɪtɪd/

past form of “radiate” — send out rays or waves

From this reading “The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.”

revolutions noun US /ˌrevəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “revolution” — a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading “By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.”

survived verb US /sərˈvaɪvd/

past form of “survive” — continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading “By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

affabilitynoun

a disposition to be friendly and approachable (easy to talk to)

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

authoritiesnounUS /əˈθɔːrətiz/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

bluntadjectiveUS /blʌnt/

having a broad or rounded end

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

boreverbUS /bɔːr/

cause to be bored

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

BrittanynounUS /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

By-the-by

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

CommandantnounUS /ˌkɑːmənˈdɑːnt/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

eclatnoun

enthusiastic approval

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

Edouard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

featurenounUS /ˈfiːtʃər/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

fillverbUS /fɪl/

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

fogies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

infusedverbUS /ˌɪnˈfjuːzd/

past form of “infuse” — teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

integritynounUS /ˌɪnˈteɡrəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

organizedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

premiumnounUS /ˈpriːmiəm/

payment for insurance

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

provincesnounUS /ˈprɑːvənsəz/

plural of “province” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

provincialadjectiveUS /prəˈvɪnʃəl/

of or associated with a province

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

radiatedverbUS /ˈreɪdieɪtɪd/

past form of “radiate” — send out rays or waves

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

Raynal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

revolutionsnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “revolution” — a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

risenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪzən/

(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

Riviere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

subsequentadjectiveUS /ˈsʌbsəkwənt/

following in time or order

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

survivedverbUS /sərˈvaɪvd/

past form of “survive” — continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading By-the-by, this feature has survived subsequent revolutions and political changes.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

unfits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

veinsnounUS /veɪnz/

plural of “vein” — a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart

From this reading So a good many old fogies in office were shown the door, and a good deal of youth and energy infused into the veins of provincial government.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The French provinces were now organized upon a half military plan, by which all the local authorities radiated towards a centre of government.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading In days of change, youth is at a premium; because, though experience is valuable, the experience of one order of things unfits ordinary men for another order of things.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading For instance, Edouard Riviere, who had but just completed his education with singular eclat at a military school, was one fine day ordered into Brittany to fill a responsible post under Commandant Raynal, a blunt, rough soldier, that had risen from the ranks, and bore a much higher character for zeal and moral integrity than for affability.

Chapter 2 of White Lies by Charles Reade holds 291 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of White Lies contain?

Chapter 2 holds 291 sentences of White Lies, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of White Lies by Charles Reade exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 291 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of White Lies?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading White Lies

Common questions about reading White Lies by Charles Reade on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of White Lies?

Yes. All 8259 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2472 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of White Lies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2472, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does White Lies take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1652 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read White Lies section by section

How to work through White Lies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of White Lies to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in White Lies

Words and structures a reader meets early in White Lies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Towards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of White Lies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Close
A word that appears in the opening chapter of White Lies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of White Lies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Baron
A word that appears in the opening chapter of White Lies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.