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Wild Oranges
Wild Oranges

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Wild Oranges is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wild Oranges
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.
He was an exceptionally powerful man.
His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.
Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.
Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wild Oranges

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Wild Oranges is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.
Line 2
He was an exceptionally powerful man.
/hiː wɑːz æn ɪkˈsepʃənəli ˈpaʊərfəl mæn/
Line 3
His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.
/hɪz sper ˈbɑːdi hæd bɪn ˈhɑːrdənd baɪ ɪts jɪrz ʌv ɪkˈspoʊʒər tuː ðə ˈeləmənts ɪn ðə ˈkɑːnstənt ˈleɪbər hiː hæd ɪkˈspendɪd ɑːn ðə ketʃ ðə lɔːŋ ˈkɑːntests wɪð ædˈvɜːrs wɪndz ənd siːz ənd hiː hæd ˈlɪtəl daʊt ʌv hɪz ˈɪʃuːɪŋ səkˈsesfəl frʌm ðə ˈprezənt ˈkraɪsəs/
Line 4
Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.
Line 5
Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.
/jet hiː wɑːz ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ wɪð sərˈpraɪzɪŋ əˈdʒɪləti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adverse adjective US /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

agility noun US /əˈdʒɪləti/

the gracefulness of a person or animal that is quick and nimble

From this reading “Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.”

contests noun US /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

exceptionally adverb US /ɪkˈsepʃənəli/

to an exceptional degree

From this reading “He was an exceptionally powerful man.”

expended verb US /ɪkˈspendɪd/

past form of “expend” — use up, consume fully

From this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

gaping adjective US /ˈɡeɪpɪŋ/

with the mouth wide open as in wonder or awe

From this reading “The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.”

issuing noun US /ˈɪʃuːɪŋ/

the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity)

From this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

ketch noun US /ketʃ/

a sailing vessel with two masts; the mizzen is forward of the rudderpost

From this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gaping mouth adjective + noun

In this reading “The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.”

adverse winds adjective + noun counted as “adverse wind”

In this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

hot breath adjective + noun

In this reading “The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.”

present crisis verb + noun

In this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

little doubt adjective + noun

In this reading “His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adverseadjectiveUS /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

agilitynounUS /əˈdʒɪləti/

the gracefulness of a person or animal that is quick and nimble

From this reading Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

beatverbUS /biːt/

come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

breathnounUS /breθ/

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

cheeknounUS /tʃiːk/

either side of the face below the eyes

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

contestsnounUS /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

crisisnounUS /ˈkraɪsəs/

an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

exceptionallyadverbUS /ɪkˈsepʃənəli/

to an exceptional degree

From this reading He was an exceptionally powerful man.

expendedverbUS /ɪkˈspendɪd/

past form of “expend” — use up, consume fully

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

exposurenounUS /ɪkˈspoʊʒər/

vulnerability to the elements; to the action of heat or cold or wind or rain

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

gapingadjectiveUS /ˈɡeɪpɪŋ/

with the mouth wide open as in wonder or awe

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

hardenedadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrdənd/

used of persons; emotionally hardened

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was an exceptionally powerful man.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

invisibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl/

impossible or nearly impossible to see; imperceptible by the eye

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

Iscah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

issuingnounUS /ˈɪʃuːɪŋ/

the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity)

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

ketchnounUS /ketʃ/

a sailing vessel with two masts; the mizzen is forward of the rudderpost

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He was an exceptionally powerful man.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

NicholasnounUS /ˈnɪkələs/

a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading He was an exceptionally powerful man.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

seasnounUS /siːz/

plural of “sea” — a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

spareverbUS /sper/

refrain from harming

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

strugglingadjectiveUS /ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ/

engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity

From this reading Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

surprisingadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzɪŋ/

causing surprise or wonder or amazement

From this reading Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Iscah Nicholas, though his strength was beyond question, was heavy and slow.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was an exceptionally powerful man.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

Woolfolk's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hot breath of an invisible gaping mouth beat upon Woolfolk's cheek.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading His spare body had been hardened by its years of exposure to the elements, in the constant labor he had expended on the ketch, the long contests with adverse winds and seas, and he had little doubt of his issuing successful from the present crisis.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet he was struggling with surprising agility.

Chapter 4 of Wild Oranges by Joseph Hergesheimer holds 411 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Wild Oranges contain?

Chapter 4 holds 411 sentences of Wild Oranges, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Wild Oranges by Joseph Hergesheimer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 411 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Wild Oranges?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wild Oranges

Common questions about reading Wild Oranges by Joseph Hergesheimer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wild Oranges?

Yes. All 1637 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30466 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wild Oranges is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30466, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wild Oranges take to read?

About 136 minutes of reading across 328 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wild Oranges section by section

How to work through Wild Oranges section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Wild Oranges to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wild Oranges

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wild Oranges, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

United
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Oranges; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Oranges; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Oranges; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ketch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Oranges; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.