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Wild Spain (España Agreste)
Wild Spain (España Agreste)

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Wild Spain (España Agreste) is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wild Spain (España Agreste)
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.
A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.
The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.
Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.
The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wild Spain (España Agreste)

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Wild Spain (España Agreste) is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.
Line 2
A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.
Line 3
The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.
Line 4
Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.
Line 5
The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bustard noun US /ˈbʌstərd/

large heavy-bodied chiefly terrestrial game bird capable of powerful swift flight; classified with wading birds but frequents grassy steppes

From this reading “Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.”

denizens noun US /ˈdenəzənz/

plural of “denizen” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading “Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.”

disadvantages noun US /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒɪz/

plural of “disadvantage” — the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position

From this reading “A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.”

discount noun US /dɪˈskaʊnt/

the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise

From this reading “A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.”

gamest adjective US /ˈɡeɪməst/

superlative of “game” — disabled in the feet or legs

From this reading “Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.”

ibex noun US /ˈaɪbeks/

wild goat of mountain areas of Eurasia and northern Africa having large recurved horns

From this reading “Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.”

lynx noun US /lɪŋks/

a text browser

From this reading “Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.”

metaphorically adverb US /ˌmetəˈfɔːrɪkli/

in a metaphorical manner

From this reading “A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

atone for verb + particle

In this reading “Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.”

in addition preposition + noun

In this reading “The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

additionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.

angler's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

applyverbUS /əˈplaɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

atoneverbUS /əˈtoʊn/

make amends for

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

boarnounUS /bɔːr/

Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

boastverbUS /boʊst/

show off

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

bustardnounUS /ˈbʌstərd/

large heavy-bodied chiefly terrestrial game bird capable of powerful swift flight; classified with wading birds but frequents grassy steppes

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

currencynounUS /ˈkɜːrənsi/

the metal or paper medium of exchange that is presently used

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

denizensnounUS /ˈdenəzənz/

plural of “denizen” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

disadvantagesnounUS /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒɪz/

plural of “disadvantage” — the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

discountnounUS /dɪˈskaʊnt/

the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

fillverbUS /fɪl/

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

fresh-water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

gamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

gamestadjectiveUS /ˈɡeɪməst/

superlative of “game” — disabled in the feet or legs

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

gemnounUS /dʒem/

art highly prized for its beauty or perfection

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

ibexnounUS /ˈaɪbeks/

wild goat of mountain areas of Eurasia and northern Africa having large recurved horns

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

labours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

lammergeyernoun

the largest Eurasian bird of prey; having black feathers hanging around the bill

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

luxuriesnounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəriz/

plural of “luxury” — something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

lynxnounUS /lɪŋks/

a text browser

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

manhoodnounUS /ˈmænhʊd/

the state of being a man; manly qualities

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

marshnounUS /mɑːrʃ/

low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

metaphoricallyadverbUS /ˌmetəˈfɔːrɪkli/

in a metaphorical manner

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

moorverbUS /mʊr/

secure in or as if in a berth or dock

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

parnounUS /pɑːr/

(golf) the standard number of strokes set for each hole on a golf course, or for the entire course

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

physicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

reproachnounUS /riˈproʊtʃ/

a mild rebuke or criticism

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

school-boards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

SPAINnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.

sparklingadjectiveUS /ˈspɑːrklɪŋ/

shining with brilliant points of light like stars

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

sportingadjectiveUS /ˈspɔːrtɪŋ/

exhibiting or calling for sportsmanship or fair play

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

stocksnounUS /stɑːks/

a frame that supports a boat while it is under construction

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

streamsnounUS /striːmz/

plural of “stream” — a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

subaqueousadjective

growing or remaining under water

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

suffragenounUS /ˈsʌfrɪdʒ/

a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

surviveverbUS /sərˈvaɪv/

continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

treasuresnounUS /ˈtreʒərz/

plural of “treasure” — accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc.

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

TROUTnounUS /traʊt/

flesh of any of several primarily freshwater game and food fishes

From this reading TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.

TROUTING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TROUT AND TROUTING IN SPAIN.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

voidadjectiveUS /vɔɪd/

lacking any legal or binding force

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The absence of many modern luxuries in Spain--say, manhood suffrage, school-boards, and the like--we can survive; the absence of trout, never.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Not even the presence on mountain, moor, or marsh, of such noble denizens as Spain can boast--the ibex, bustard, and boar, the lynx and lammergeyer--can wholly, from an angler's point of view, fill the void, or atone for the absence of sparkling streams and that gamest of fresh-water game, the trout.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading A land without Trout labours, in our eyes, under grave physical disadvantages; its currency is, metaphorically, below par, its stocks at a discount.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The reproach, however, does not apply; for, to her many sporting treasures, Spain can claim, in addition, this gem of the subaqueous world.

Chapter 12 of Wild Spain (España Agreste) by Abel Chapman holds 153 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Wild Spain (España Agreste) contain?

Chapter 12 holds 153 sentences of Wild Spain (España Agreste), unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Wild Spain (España Agreste) by Abel Chapman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 153 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Wild Spain (España Agreste)?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wild Spain (España Agreste)

Common questions about reading Wild Spain (España Agreste) by Abel Chapman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wild Spain (España Agreste)?

Yes. All 5206 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38201 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wild Spain (España Agreste) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38201, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wild Spain (España Agreste) take to read?

About 433 minutes of reading across 1042 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wild Spain (España Agreste) section by section

How to work through Wild Spain (España Agreste) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Wild Spain (España Agreste) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wild Spain (España Agreste)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wild Spain (España Agreste), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Spain (España Agreste); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Spain (España Agreste); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Spain (España Agreste); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Endeavour
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Spain (España Agreste); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.