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Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery
Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery is here in full — 258 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery
Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.
On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.
Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.
The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.
Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery is here in full — 258 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.
Line 2
On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.
/ɑːn ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ˈæftər ˈaʊər ərˈaɪvəl wiː went aʊt təˈɡeðər ənd wɔːkt ʌp ənd daʊn ˈsevrəl striːts maɪ waɪf ənd ˈdɔːtər ˌhaʊˈevər suːn ˈliːvɪŋ miː tuː ɡoʊ ˈɪntuː ə ʃɑːp aɪ stroʊld əˈbaʊt baɪ ˌmaɪˈself/
Line 3
Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.
Line 4
The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.
Line 5
Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.
/wɪˈðɪn ðə roʊz ʌv wɪtʃ ðer ɑːr θriː ɔːr fɔːr ɑːr ʃɑːps ˈevəri ʃɑːp ˈbiːɪŋ ɑːn ðæt saɪd wɪtʃ ɪz ˈfɑːrðəst frʌm ðə striːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Antigua noun US /ænˈtiːɡwə/

the largest of the islands comprising Antigua and Barbuda

From this reading “Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.”

arched adjective US /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading “The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.”

farthest adverb US /ˈfɑːrðəst/

to the greatest distance in space or time (“farthest” is used more often than “furthest” in this physical sense)

From this reading “Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.”

Mold noun US /moʊld/

the distinctive form in which a thing is made

From this reading “Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.”

parallel noun US /ˈperəlel/

something having the property of being analogous to something else

From this reading “The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.”

sandstone noun US /ˈsændstoʊn/

a sedimentary rock consisting of sand consolidated with some cement (clay or quartz etc.)

From this reading “Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.”

site noun US /saɪt/

the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)

From this reading “Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.”

Slavery noun US /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading “Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

red sandstone noun + noun

In this reading “Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.”

running parallel adjective + noun

In this reading “The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.”

ancient town adjective + noun

In this reading “Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.”

went out verb + adjective counted as “go out”

move out of or depart from

In this reading “On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.”

go into verb + particle

to come or go into

In this reading “On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

AmericansnounUS /əˈmerəkənz/

plural of “american” — a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

AntiguanounUS /ænˈtiːɡwə/

the largest of the islands comprising Antigua and Barbuda

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

archedadjectiveUS /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

cathedralnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəl/

any large and important church

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

ChesternounUS /ˈtʃestər/

a city of southeastern Pennsylvania on the Delaware river (an industrial suburb of Philadelphia)

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

churchesnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

Cothi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

farthestadverbUS /ˈfɑːrðəst/

to the greatest distance in space or time (“farthest” is used more often than “furthest” in this physical sense)

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

façades

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

gallerynounUS /ˈɡæləri/

spectators at a golf or tennis match

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

gatesnounUS /ɡeɪts/

United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

Glyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

handsomeadjectiveUS /ˈhænsəm/

pleasing in appearance especially by reason of conformity to ideals of form and proportion

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

LewisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States rock star singer and pianist (born in 1935)

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

MoldnounUS /moʊld/

the distinctive form in which a thing is made

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

NativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

parallelnounUS /ˈperəlel/

something having the property of being analogous to something else

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

partlyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrtli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

rownounUS /roʊ/

an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

RowsnounUS /roʊz/

plural of “row” — an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

sandstonenounUS /ˈsændstoʊn/

a sedimentary rock consisting of sand consolidated with some cement (clay or quartz etc.)

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

SaturdaynounUS /ˈsætərdi/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

shopverbUS /ʃɑːp/

do one's shopping

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

shopsnounUS /ʃɑːps/

plural of “shop” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

sitenounUS /saɪt/

the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

SlaverynounUS /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

strolledverbUS /stroʊld/

past form of “stroll” — walk leisurely and with no apparent aim

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

TentsnounUS /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

TragedynounUS /ˈtrædʒədi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading Chester—The Rows—Lewis Glyn Cothi—Tragedy of Mold—Native of Antigua—Slavery and the Americans—The Tents—Saturday Night.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

unpretending-looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Within the rows, of which there are three or four, are shops, every shop being on that side which is farthest from the street.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading On the morning after our arrival we went out together, and walked up and down several streets; my wife and daughter, however, soon leaving me to go into a shop, I strolled about by myself.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Chester is an ancient town with walls and gates, a prison called a castle, built on the site of an ancient keep, an unpretending-looking red sandstone cathedral, two or three handsome churches, several good streets, and certain curious places called rows.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The Chester row is a broad arched stone gallery running parallel with the street within the façades of the houses; it is partly open on the side of the street, and just one story above it.

Chapter 2 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery by George Borrow holds 258 sentences, grouped into 52 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery contain?

Chapter 2 holds 258 sentences of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery, unabridged, divided into 52 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery by George Borrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 258 sentences, grouped into 52 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery?

Work through the 52 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 52 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Common questions about reading Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery by George Borrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery?

Yes. All 10903 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37665 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37665, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2181 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery section by section

How to work through Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Invited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Editor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.