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Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery
Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.
The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.
The southern side is formed by the Berwyn hills.
The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.
Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.
Line 2
The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.
Line 3
The southern side is formed by the Berwyn hills.
Line 4
The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.
Line 5
Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bran noun US /bræn/

broken husks of the seeds of cereal grains that are separated from the flour by sifting

From this reading “Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.”

extend verb US /ɪkˈstend/

extend in scope or range or area

From this reading “The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.”

intersected verb US /ˌɪntərˈsektɪd/

past form of “intersect” — meet at a point

From this reading “The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.”

origin noun US /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading “The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.”

resemblance noun US /rɪˈzembləns/

similarity in appearance or external or superficial details

From this reading “Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.”

rises noun US /ˈraɪzəz/

plural of “rise” — a growth in strength or number or importance

From this reading “Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.”

ruins noun US /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading “Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.”

vale noun US /veɪl/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading “The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twenty miles noun + noun counted as “twenty mile”

In this reading “The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.”

slight resemblance noun + noun

In this reading “Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.”

lofty hill adjective + noun

In this reading “Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.”

southern side adjective + noun

In this reading “The southern side is formed by the Berwyn hills.”

northern side adjective + noun

In this reading “The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.”

two miles noun + noun counted as “two mile”

In this reading “The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.”

about twenty preposition + noun

In this reading “The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.”

on the top preposition + article + noun counted as “on … top”

In this reading “Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

AbnounUS /æb/

a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

Bala

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

Berwyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The southern side is formed by the Berwyn hills.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

BrannounUS /bræn/

broken husks of the seeds of cereal grains that are separated from the flour by sifting

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

Dee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

Dinas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

Eglwysig

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

extendverbUS /ɪkˈstend/

extend in scope or range or area

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The southern side is formed by the Berwyn hills.

intersectedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈsektɪd/

past form of “intersect” — meet at a point

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

Llangollen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

Nudd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

resemblancenounUS /rɪˈzembləns/

similarity in appearance or external or superficial details

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

risesnounUS /ˈraɪzəz/

plural of “rise” — a growth in strength or number or importance

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

ruinsnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The southern side is formed by the Berwyn hills.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading Between the Dee and the Eglwysig rises a lofty hill, on the top of which are the ruins of Dinas Bran, which bear no slight resemblance to a crown.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

valenounUS /veɪl/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The valley is intersected by the River Dee, the origin of which is a deep lake near Bala, about twenty miles to the west.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The northern side of the vale of Llangollen is formed by certain enormous rocks, called the Eglwysig rocks, which extend from east to west, a distance of about two miles.

Wyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Llangollen—Wyn Ab Nudd—The Dee—Dinas Bran.

Chapter 3 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery by George Borrow holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery contain?

Chapter 3 holds 76 sentences of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery by George Borrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Common questions about reading Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery by George Borrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery?

Yes. All 10903 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37665 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37665, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2181 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery section by section

How to work through Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Invited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Editor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wild Wales: The People, Language, & Scenery; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.