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Wilderness of Spring
Wilderness of Spring

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Wilderness of Spring is here in full — 396 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wilderness of Spring
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.
At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.
A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.
Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.
Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wilderness of Spring

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Wilderness of Spring is here in full — 396 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.
/ðə snoʊ ənd mʌd ɪn ðə jɑːrd bɪˈloʊ hɪm ʃoʊd ə ˈtæŋɡəl ʌv ˈblɜːri træks ˌenˈlɑːrdʒd baɪ ˈjestərdeɪz ˈmeltɪŋ/
Line 2
At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.
/æt ðə rɪr ʌv ðə jɑːrd roʊz ðə ənˈtaɪdi ɡrænˈduːr ʌv æn elm/
Line 3
A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.
Line 4
Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.
/nɪr ðə beɪs ʌv ðə elm ə ˈmɜːrki ˈeriə səˈdʒestɪd ə mæn ˈsprɔːlɪŋ wɪð hɪz hed ɑːn hɪz ɑːrm/
Line 5
Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.
/ˈmeɪbi ðɪs ˈveri deɪ ben θɔːt hiː ənd ˈruːbən kʊd biː ˈklaɪmɪŋ ðæt hɪl roʊd dɪˈskʌvərɪŋ ðə fɑːr saɪd ʌv ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blobs noun US /blɑːbz/

plural of “blob” — an indistinct shapeless form

From this reading “A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.”

blurry adjective US /ˈblɜːri/

indistinct or hazy in outline

From this reading “The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.”

churned verb US /tʃɜːrnd/

past form of “churn” — stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter

From this reading “A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.”

mammoth adjective US /ˈmæməθ/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading “A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.”

murky adjective US /ˈmɜːrki/

(of liquids) clouded as with sediment

From this reading “Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.”

outlying adjective US /ˈaʊtlaɪɪŋ/

relatively far from a center or middle

From this reading “A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.”

untidy adjective US /ənˈtaɪdi/

not neat and tidy

From this reading “At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.”

yesterday's noun US /ˈjestərdeɪz/

possessive form of “yesterday” — the day immediately before today

From this reading “The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

cluster of verb + particle

In this reading “A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.”

At the rear preposition + article + noun counted as “at … rear”

In this reading “At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.”

supplied by verb + particle counted as “supply by”

In this reading “A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.”

very day adjective + noun

In this reading “Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.”

in the yard preposition + article + noun counted as “in … yard”

In this reading “The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

areanounUS /ˈeriə/

a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

BennounUS /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

blobsnounUS /blɑːbz/

plural of “blob” — an indistinct shapeless form

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

blurryadjectiveUS /ˈblɜːri/

indistinct or hazy in outline

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

churnedverbUS /tʃɜːrnd/

past form of “churn” — stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

climbingnounUS /ˈklaɪmɪŋ/

an event that involves rising to a higher point (as in altitude or temperature or intensity etc.)

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

clusterverbUS /ˈklʌstər/

come together as in a cluster or flock

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

discoveringverbUS /dɪˈskʌvərɪŋ/

-ing form of “discover” — discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

elmnounUS /elm/

any of various trees of the genus Ulmus: important timber or shade trees

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

enlargedadjectiveUS /ˌenˈlɑːrdʒd/

(of an organ or body part) excessively enlarged as a result of increased size in the constituent cells

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

grandeurnounUS /ɡrænˈduːr/

the quality of being magnificent or splendid or grand

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

grapesnounUS /ɡreɪps/

plural of “grape” — any of various juicy fruit of the genus Vitis with green or purple skins; grow in clusters

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

hoofprints

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

mammothadjectiveUS /ˈmæməθ/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

MaybeadverbUS /ˈmeɪbi/

by chance

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

meltingnounUS /ˈmeltɪŋ/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

mudnounUS /mʌd/

water soaked soil; soft wet earth

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

murkyadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrki/

(of liquids) clouded as with sediment

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

NearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

outlyingadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtlaɪɪŋ/

relatively far from a center or middle

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

rearnounUS /rɪr/

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

resembledverbUS /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

ReubennounUS /ˈruːbən/

(Old Testment) a son of Jacob and forefather of one of the tribes of Israel

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

sprawlingnounUS /ˈsprɔːlɪŋ/

an ungainly posture with arms and legs spread about

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

stableadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪbəl/

resistant to change of position or condition

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

suggestedverbUS /səˈdʒestɪd/

past form of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

suppliedverbUS /səˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading A lake of churned mud by the stable resembled a mammoth cluster of grapes, separate blobs of fruit supplied by outlying hoofprints.

tanglenounUS /ˈtæŋɡəl/

a twisted and tangled mass that is highly interwoven

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

tracksnounUS /træks/

plural of “track” — a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

untidyadjectiveUS /ənˈtaɪdi/

not neat and tidy

From this reading At the rear of the yard rose the untidy grandeur of an elm.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Maybe this very day, Ben thought, he and Reuben could be climbing that hill road, discovering the far side of it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Near the base of the elm a murky area suggested a man sprawling with his head on his arm.

yardnounUS /jɑːrd/

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

yesterday'snounUS /ˈjestərdeɪz/

possessive form of “yesterday” — the day immediately before today

From this reading The snow and mud in the yard below him showed a tangle of blurry tracks enlarged by yesterday's melting.

Chapter 4 of Wilderness of Spring by Edgar Pangborn holds 396 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Wilderness of Spring contain?

Chapter 4 holds 396 sentences of Wilderness of Spring, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Wilderness of Spring by Edgar Pangborn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 396 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Wilderness of Spring?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wilderness of Spring

Common questions about reading Wilderness of Spring by Edgar Pangborn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wilderness of Spring?

Yes. All 8768 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39907 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wilderness of Spring is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39907, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wilderness of Spring take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1754 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wilderness of Spring section by section

How to work through Wilderness of Spring section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Wilderness of Spring to begin.

  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wilderness of Spring

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wilderness of Spring, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Plight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilderness of Spring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Therefore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilderness of Spring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Affliction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilderness of Spring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilderness of Spring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.