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Wilfrid Cumbermede
Wilfrid Cumbermede

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Wilfrid Cumbermede is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wilfrid Cumbermede
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PREPARATIONS.
It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.
The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.
Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.
The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wilfrid Cumbermede

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Wilfrid Cumbermede is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PREPARATIONS.
/ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/
Line 2
It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈlʌvli ˌæftərˈnuːn ðə er hɑːt ənd ðə ˈʃædoʊz ʌv ðə triːz dɑːrk əˈpɑːn ðə ɡriːn ɡræs/
Line 3
The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.
Line 4
Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.
Line 5
The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.
/ðə ˈoʊnli əbˈdʒekʃən aɪ kʊd faɪnd tuː ɪt wɑːz ðæt ɪt stʊd ˈaɪsəleɪtəd frʌm ɪts oʊn pɑːrk ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðə ˈpɔːrʃən nekst ɪt wɑːz kept æz trɪm æz ðə ˈsmuːðəst lɔːn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awaited adjective US /əˈweɪtɪd/

expected hopefully

From this reading “The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.”

central adjective US /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading “Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.”

glittered verb US /ˈɡlɪtərd/

past form of “glitter” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading “Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.”

isolated adjective US /ˈaɪsəleɪtəd/

not close together in time

From this reading “The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.”

sideways adverb US /ˈsaɪdweɪz/

with one side forward or to the front

From this reading “The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.”

smoothest adjective US /ˈsmuːðəst/

superlative of “smooth” — having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading “The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.”

trim verb US /trɪm/

remove the edges from and cut down to the desired size

From this reading “The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.”

vane noun US /veɪn/

mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading “Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

awaitedadjectiveUS /əˈweɪtɪd/

expected hopefully

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

centraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

glitteredverbUS /ˈɡlɪtərd/

past form of “glitter” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

hiddenadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdən/

not accessible to view

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

isolatedadjectiveUS /ˈaɪsəleɪtəd/

not close together in time

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

lawnnounUS /lɔːn/

a field of cultivated and mowed grass

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

lovelyadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvli/

appealing to the emotions as well as the eye

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

NeveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

objectionnounUS /əbˈdʒekʃən/

the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

orielnoun

a projecting bay window corbeled or cantilevered out from a wall

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

outburning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

parknounUS /pɑːrk/

a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

pilenounUS /paɪl/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

PREPARATIONSnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading PREPARATIONS.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

reposeverbUS /riˈpoʊz/

put or confide something in a person or thing

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

roomsnounUS /ruːmz/

apartment consisting of a series of connected rooms used as a living unit (as in a hotel)

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

sidewaysadverbUS /ˈsaɪdweɪz/

with one side forward or to the front

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

smoothestadjectiveUS /ˈsmuːðəst/

superlative of “smooth” — having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

trimverbUS /trɪm/

remove the edges from and cut down to the desired size

From this reading The only objection I could find to it was that it stood isolated from its own park, although the portion next it was kept as trim as the smoothest lawn.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

vanenounUS /veɪn/

mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a lovely afternoon, the air hot, and the shadows of the trees dark upon the green grass.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Never have I seen a picture of more stately repose than the huge pile of building presented, while the curious vane on the central square tower glittered like the outburning flame of its hidden life.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading The clear sun was shining sideways on the little oriel window of one of the rooms in which my labour awaited me.

Chapter 20 of Wilfrid Cumbermede by George MacDonald holds 176 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Wilfrid Cumbermede contain?

Chapter 20 holds 176 sentences of Wilfrid Cumbermede, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Wilfrid Cumbermede by George MacDonald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 176 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Wilfrid Cumbermede?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wilfrid Cumbermede

Common questions about reading Wilfrid Cumbermede by George MacDonald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wilfrid Cumbermede?

Yes. All 10072 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9183 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wilfrid Cumbermede is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9183, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wilfrid Cumbermede take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2015 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wilfrid Cumbermede section by section

How to work through Wilfrid Cumbermede section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Wilfrid Cumbermede to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wilfrid Cumbermede

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wilfrid Cumbermede, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Where
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilfrid Cumbermede; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Myself
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilfrid Cumbermede; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wisest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilfrid Cumbermede; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chicken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilfrid Cumbermede; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.