Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is here in full — 389 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.
Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.
But he is a monster, not a man.
When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.
Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is here in full — 389 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.
Line 2
Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.
/laɪk ˈʃaɪlɑːk hiː hæz ə ˈdɔːtər huː ɪz ɪn lʌv wɪð ə puːr ˈkrɪstʃən ənd laɪk hɪm hiː θɜːrsts fɔːr riˈvendʒ/
Line 3
But he is a monster, not a man.
/bʌt hiː ɪz ə ˈmɑːnstər nɑːt ə mæn/
Line 4
When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.
Line 5
Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cloister verb US /ˈklɔɪstər/

surround with a cloister, as of a garden

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

demon noun US /ˈdiːmən/

an evil supernatural being

From this reading “Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.”

madhouse noun US /ˈmædhaʊs/

pejorative terms for an insane asylum

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

misused adjective US /mɪˈsjuːzd/

used incorrectly or carelessly or for an improper purpose

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

nuns noun US /nʌnz/

plural of “nun” — a woman religious

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

poisons noun US /ˈpɔɪzənz/

plural of “poison” — any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

Shylock noun US /ˈʃaɪlɑːk/

someone who lends money at excessive rates of interest

From this reading “Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.”

thirsts noun US /θɜːrsts/

plural of “thirst” — a physiological need to drink

From this reading “Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

taken refuge adjective + noun

In this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

attracted by verb + particle counted as “attract by”

In this reading “Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.”

own daughter verb + noun

In this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

for revenge preposition + noun

In this reading “Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

Barabas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

ChristiansnounUS /ˈkrɪstʃənz/

plural of “christian” — a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

cloisterverbUS /ˈklɔɪstər/

surround with a cloister, as of a garden

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

criminaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmənəl/

bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

demonnounUS /ˈdiːmən/

an evil supernatural being

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

fairy-tale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

fitverbUS /fɪt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

instrumentnounUS /ˈɪnstrəmənt/

a device that requires skill for proper use

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

intolerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl/

incapable of being tolerated or endured

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

JewnounUS /dʒuː/

a person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

Jew's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

madhousenounUS /ˈmædhaʊs/

pejorative terms for an insane asylum

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

misusedadjectiveUS /mɪˈsjuːzd/

used incorrectly or carelessly or for an improper purpose

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

monsternounUS /ˈmɑːnstər/

an imaginary creature usually having various human and animal parts

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

nunsnounUS /nʌnz/

plural of “nun” — a woman religious

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

poisonsnounUS /ˈpɔɪzənz/

plural of “poison” — any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

revengenounUS /riˈvendʒ/

action taken in return for an injury or offense

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

robbedverbUS /rɑːbd/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ShylocknounUS /ˈʃaɪlɑːk/

someone who lends money at excessive rates of interest

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

skinnounUS /skɪn/

a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

thirstsnounUS /θɜːrsts/

plural of “thirst” — a physiological need to drink

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

usesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

usurernoun

someone who lends money at excessive rates of interest

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

Chapter 8 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes holds 389 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study contain?

Chapter 8 holds 389 sentences of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study, unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 389 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Common questions about reading William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study?

Yes. All 12402 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50724 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50724, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does William Shakespeare: A Critical Study take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2481 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read William Shakespeare: A Critical Study section by section

How to work through William Shakespeare: A Critical Study section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Words and structures a reader meets early in William Shakespeare: A Critical Study, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Copenhagen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.