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William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter VIII

Cover illustration for William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.
Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.
But he is a monster, not a man.
When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.
Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter VIII

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.
Line 2
Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.
Line 3
But he is a monster, not a man.
Line 4
When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.
Line 5
Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

Christian noun US /ˈchristian/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.”

Fortune noun US /ˈfortune/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

attracted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

Barabas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

becomes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

Christian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

Christians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

cloister

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

criminal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

daughter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

demon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

fairy-tale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

fit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

fortunenounUS /ˈfortune/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

idea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

instrument

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

intolerable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

Jew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

Jew's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

madhouse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

misused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

monster

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But he is a monster, not a man.

nuns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

poisons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

real

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

refuge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

revenge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

robbed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

Shakespeare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

Shylock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

skin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

taken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

thirsts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

uses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

usurer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Barabas is a Jew and usurer, like Shylock.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Shakespeare was attracted by the idea of making a real man and a real Jew out of this intolerable demon in a Jew's skin.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.

whole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading When he has been misused by the Christians, and robbed of his whole fortune, he becomes a criminal fit only for a fairy-tale or for a madhouse: he uses his own daughter as an instrument for his revenge, and then poisons her along with all the nuns in whose cloister she has taken refuge.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Like Shylock, he has a daughter who is in love with a poor Christian; and, like him, he thirsts for revenge.