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William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is here in full — 391 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.
We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.
His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.
In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.
There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is here in full — 391 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.
/ˈʃeɪkspiːrz ɡreɪt ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk ɪz prɪˈsaɪsli ðə rɪˈzɪl.jəns wɪtʃ hiː ɡɪvz tuː ˈevəri wɜːrd ənd tuː ˈevəri spiːtʃ/
Line 2
We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.
/wiː teɪk wʌn step ɑːn ɜːrθ ənd æt ðə nekst wiː ɑːr ˈsɔːrɪŋ ɪn er/
Line 3
His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.
/hɪz vɜːrs ˈɔːlweɪz tendz təˈwɔːrdz ə rɪtʃ ənd ˈsteɪtli ˈmelədi ɪz ˈnevər flæt ɔːr ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/
Line 4
In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.
/ɪn ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl pleɪz hɪz ˈdɪkʃən səmˈtaɪmz ˈvɜːrdʒɪz əˈpɑːn ðə staɪl ʌv ðə ˈbæləd ɔːr roʊˈmæns/
Line 5
There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.
/ðer ɪz ə kənˈtɪnjuːəl ˈʌndərkɜːrənt ʌv ɪˈmoʊʃən ʌv ɪnˈθuːziæzəm ɔːr ʌv pjʊr ˈfæntəsi wɪtʃ ˈkæriz ʌs əˈweɪ wɪð ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

diction noun US /ˈdɪkʃən/

the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

From this reading “In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.”

fantasy noun US /ˈfæntəsi/

imagination unrestricted by reality

From this reading “There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.”

resilience noun US /rɪˈzɪl.jəns/

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness. (Sức bật dẻo dai, khả năng phục hồi kiên cường.)

From this reading “Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.”

Shakespeare's noun US /ˈʃeɪkspiːrz/

possessive form of “shakespeare” — English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading “Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.”

soaring adjective US /ˈsɔːrɪŋ/

ascending to a level markedly higher than the usual

From this reading “We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.”

tends verb US /tendz/

third-person singular of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading “His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.”

undercurrent noun US /ˈʌndərkɜːrənt/

a subdued emotional quality underlying an utterance; implicit meaning

From this reading “There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.”

verges noun US /ˈvɜːrdʒɪz/

plural of “verge” — a region marking a boundary

From this reading “In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

tends towards verb + particle counted as “tend towards”

In this reading “His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.”

on earth preposition + noun

used with question words to convey surprise

In this reading “We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

balladnounUS /ˈbæləd/

a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

carriesnounUS /ˈkæriz/

plural of “carry” — the act of carrying something

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

commonplaceadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/

completely ordinary and unremarkable

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

continualadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəl/

recurring regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

dictionnounUS /ˈdɪkʃən/

the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

emotionnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃən/

any strong feeling

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

fantasynounUS /ˈfæntəsi/

imagination unrestricted by reality

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

flatadjectiveUS /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

melodynounUS /ˈmelədi/

a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

preciselyadverbUS /prɪˈsaɪsli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

resiliencenounUS /rɪˈzɪl.jəns/

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness. (Sức bật dẻo dai, khả năng phục hồi kiên cường.)

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

Shakespeare'snounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːrz/

possessive form of “shakespeare” — English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

soaringadjectiveUS /ˈsɔːrɪŋ/

ascending to a level markedly higher than the usual

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

tendsverbUS /tendz/

third-person singular of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

undercurrentnounUS /ˈʌndərkɜːrənt/

a subdued emotional quality underlying an utterance; implicit meaning

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

vergesnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪz/

plural of “verge” — a region marking a boundary

From this reading In the English historical plays, his diction sometimes verges upon the style of the ballad or romance.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading His verse always tends towards a rich and stately melody, is never flat or commonplace.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We take one step on earth, and at the next we are soaring in air.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There is a continual undercurrent of emotion, of enthusiasm, or of pure fantasy, which carries us away with it.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Shakespeare's great characteristic is precisely the resilience which he gives to every word and to every speech.

Chapter 9 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes holds 391 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study contain?

Chapter 9 holds 391 sentences of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 391 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Common questions about reading William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study?

Yes. All 12402 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50724 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50724, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does William Shakespeare: A Critical Study take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2481 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read William Shakespeare: A Critical Study section by section

How to work through William Shakespeare: A Critical Study section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Words and structures a reader meets early in William Shakespeare: A Critical Study, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Copenhagen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.