Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"_Lucio_.
Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.
They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"
But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.
It was an innocent relation.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"_Lucio_.
Line 2
Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.
Line 3
They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"
Line 4
But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.
Line 5
It was an innocent relation.
/ɪt wɑːz æn ˈɪnəsənt riˈleɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allied adjective US /əˈlaɪd/

related by common characteristics or ancestry

From this reading “Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.”

debauchery noun US /dəˈbɔːtʃəri/

a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity

From this reading “But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.”

disuse noun US /dɪˈsjuːs/

the state of something that has been unused and neglected

From this reading “But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.”

downright adverb US /ˈdaʊnraɪt/

thoroughgoing

From this reading “They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"”

friar noun US /ˈfraɪər/

a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms

From this reading “Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.”

kindred adjective US /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading “Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.”

revives verb US /riˈvaɪvz/

third-person singular of “revive” — cause to regain consciousness

From this reading “But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.”

sexual adjective US /ˈsekʃuːəl/

of or relating to or characterized by sexuality

From this reading “But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

good sooth adjective + noun

In this reading “Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.”

put down verb + adjective

cause to sit or seat or be in a settled position or place

In this reading “Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

alliedadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪd/

related by common characteristics or ancestry

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

Angelo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

Claudio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

commercenounUS /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

condemnedverbUS /kənˈdemd/

past form of “condemn” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

creationnounUS /kriˈeɪʃən/

the human act of creating

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

debaucherynounUS /dəˈbɔːtʃəri/

a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

disusenounUS /dɪˈsjuːs/

the state of something that has been unused and neglected

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

downrightadverbUS /ˈdaʊnraɪt/

thoroughgoing

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

drinkingnounUS /ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/

the act of consuming liquids

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

eatingnounUS /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

extirp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

friarnounUS /ˈfraɪər/

a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

innocentadjectiveUS /ˈɪnəsənt/

free from evil or guilt

From this reading It was an innocent relation.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

Juliet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

Lucio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "_Lucio_.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

nineteennounUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eighteen and one

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

proceedingsnounUS /proʊˈsiːdɪŋz/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

revivesverbUS /riˈvaɪvz/

third-person singular of “revive” — cause to regain consciousness

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

sexualadjectiveUS /ˈsekʃuːəl/

of or relating to or characterized by sexuality

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

soothnoun

truth or reality

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

strictadjectiveUS /strɪkt/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

vicenounUS /vaɪs/

moral weakness

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading Yes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred: it is well allied; but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and drinking be put down.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading They say, this Angelo was not made by man and woman, after this downright way of creation: is it true, think you?"

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading But besides taking strict proceedings against actual debauchery, Angelo revives an old law which has long been in disuse--according to the Duke for fourteen, according to Claudio for nineteen years--making death the punishment of all sexual commerce without marriage; and by this law young Claudio is condemned to death for his relation to Juliet.

Chapter 19 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes holds 394 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study contain?

Chapter 19 holds 394 sentences of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 394 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Common questions about reading William Shakespeare: A Critical Study by Georg Brandes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study?

Yes. All 12402 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50724 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50724, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does William Shakespeare: A Critical Study take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2481 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read William Shakespeare: A Critical Study section by section

How to work through William Shakespeare: A Critical Study section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in William Shakespeare: A Critical Study

Words and structures a reader meets early in William Shakespeare: A Critical Study, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Copenhagen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of William Shakespeare: A Critical Study; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.