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Willie the Waif
Willie the Waif

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Willie the Waif
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.
There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.
It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.
But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.
Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Willie the Waif

Chapter I

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.
Line 2
There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.
Line 3
It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.
Line 4
But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.
Line 5
Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.”

Broken noun US /broken/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.”

RUNNING noun US /ˈrunning/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.”

Supposing verb US /səˈpoʊzɪŋ/

assuming something is true for the purpose of discussion

From this reading “But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

able

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

alley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

AWAY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

brokennounUS /broken/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

brown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

court

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

dirty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

find

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

glinting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

HOME

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

hot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

houses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

London

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

miserable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

Most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

narrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

paper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

patched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

pavement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

pierce

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

Place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

places

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

Primrose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

rooms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

RUNNINGnounUS /ˈrunning/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

seen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

shine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

shining

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

shone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

sides

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

summer's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

sun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

sunbeams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

supposingverbUS /səˈpoʊzɪŋ/

assuming something is true for the purpose of discussion

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.

trying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading RUNNING AWAY FROM HOME One hot summer's day the sun was trying to shine into a poor, miserable alley in London.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading There are some places in that great city where even the sun cannot find its way, and Primrose Place was one of them.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

windows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a very narrow court, and the houses on both sides were so high that the people who lived there had never seen the sunbeams shining on the pavement or glinting on the windows.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Most of them were broken and patched with brown paper.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But even supposing the sun could have shone into the court, it would not have been able to pierce into the rooms, for the windows were too dirty.