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Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04
Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Five years more had passed.
It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.
A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.
His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.
He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Five years more had passed.
/faɪv jɪrz mɔːr hæd pæst/
Line 2
It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.
/ɪt wɑːz mɑːrtʃ bʌt ðə snoʊ leɪ əˈpɑːn ðə ɡraʊnd ənd ðə feɪs ʌv ðə roʊdz wɑːz æz ɡlæs/
Line 3
A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.
/ə ˈstreɪndʒər ˈdʒentəlmən hæd bɪn θroʊn frʌm hɪz hɔːrs ɪn ðə ˈneɪbərhʊd ʌv ðə ˈwɪdoʊz ˈkɑːtədʒ/
Line 4
His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.
/hɪz laɪf hæd bɪn enˈdeɪndʒərd baɪ ðə fɔːl ənd hiː wɑːz kənˈveɪd bɪˈniːθ hɜːr ˈloʊli ruːf wer hiː rɪˈmeɪnd fɔːr wiːks əˈneɪbəl tuː biː riˈmuːvd/
Line 5
He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.
/hiː wɑːz əˈbaʊt ˈfɪfti ɔːr ˈsɪksti jɪrz ʌv eɪdʒ ənd hɪz dres ənd əˈpɪrəns ˈɪndəkeɪtəd ðə ˈmɪləteri ˈɔːfəsər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

conveyed verb US /kənˈveɪd/

past form of “convey” — (of information) make known; pass on

From this reading “His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.”

endangered adjective US /enˈdeɪndʒərd/

(of flora or fauna) in imminent danger of extinction

From this reading “His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.”

indicated verb US /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading “He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.”

lowly adjective US /ˈloʊli/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading “His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.”

neighbourhood noun US /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading “A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.”

roads noun US /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading “It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.”

sixty adjective US /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading “He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.”

widow's noun US /ˈwɪdoʊz/

possessive form of “widow” — a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading “A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sixty years adjective + noun

In this reading “He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.”

Five years noun + noun

In this reading “Five years more had passed.”

military officer noun + noun

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

In this reading “He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.”

about fifty preposition + noun

In this reading “He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.”

upon the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … ground”

In this reading “It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.”

in the neighbourhood preposition + article + noun counted as “in … neighbourhood”

In this reading “A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.”

lay upon verb + particle

In this reading “It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.”

for weeks preposition + noun counted as “for week”

In this reading “His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

conveyedverbUS /kənˈveɪd/

past form of “convey” — (of information) make known; pass on

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

cottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

endangeredadjectiveUS /enˈdeɪndʒərd/

(of flora or fauna) in imminent danger of extinction

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

FivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Five years more had passed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Five years more had passed.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

indicatedverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

lowlyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊli/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Five years more had passed.

neighbourhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Five years more had passed.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

removedadjectiveUS /riˈmuːvd/

separated in relationship by a given degree of descent

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading He was about fifty or sixty years of age, and his dress and appearance indicated the military officer.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was March; but the snow lay upon the ground, and the face of the roads was as glass.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading His life had been endangered by the fall, and he was conveyed beneath her lowly roof, where he remained for weeks, unable to be removed.

widow'snounUS /ˈwɪdoʊz/

possessive form of “widow” — a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading A stranger gentleman had been thrown from his horse in the neighbourhood of the widow's cottage.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Five years more had passed.

Chapter 8 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 by John Mackay [Compiler] Wilson holds 422 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 422 sentences of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 by John Mackay [Compiler] Wilson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 422 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04

Common questions about reading Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 by John Mackay [Compiler] Wilson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04?

Yes. All 3665 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34144 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34144, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 take to read?

About 305 minutes of reading across 733 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 section by section

How to work through Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Scotland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Historical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Traditionary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Imaginative
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.