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Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06
Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.
But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!
He has taken in you and everybody else.
The villain broke yesterday.
He is off!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.
Line 2
But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!
Line 3
He has taken in you and everybody else.
Line 4
The villain broke yesterday.
/ðə ˈvɪlən broʊk ˈjestərdeɪ/
Line 5
He is off!
/hiː ɪz ɔːf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

broke adjective US /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading “The villain broke yesterday.”

describe verb US /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading “He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.”

Diana noun US /daɪˈænə/

English aristocrat who was the first wife of Prince Charles; her death in an automobile accident in Paris produced intense national mourning (1961-1997)

From this reading “But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!”

everybody pronoun US /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading “He has taken in you and everybody else.”

neither determiner US /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading “He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.”

ruined adjective US /ˈruːənd/

destroyed physically or morally

From this reading “But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!”

villain noun US /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading “The villain broke yesterday.”

yesterday noun US /ˈjestərdeɪ/

the day immediately before today

From this reading “The villain broke yesterday.”

All words in this reading · 43

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading The villain broke yesterday.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

cannanoun

any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

DiananounUS /daɪˈænə/

English aristocrat who was the first wife of Prince Charles; her death in an automobile accident in Paris produced intense national mourning (1961-1997)

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He has taken in you and everybody else.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

everybodypronounUS /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading He has taken in you and everybody else.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has taken in you and everybody else.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is off!

kenned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He is off!

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

ruinedadjectiveUS /ˈruːənd/

destroyed physically or morally

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He has taken in you and everybody else.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The villain broke yesterday.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

villainnounUS /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading The villain broke yesterday.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He left me in a state that I canna describe; I neither kenned what to do nor what to think.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading But within half an hour he returned, and he cried out as he entered--'Diana, ye are ruined!

yesterdaynounUS /ˈjestərdeɪ/

the day immediately before today

From this reading The villain broke yesterday.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading He has taken in you and everybody else.

Chapter 4 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 by John Mackay [Compiler] Wilson holds 418 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 418 sentences of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 by John Mackay [Compiler] Wilson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 418 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06

Common questions about reading Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 by John Mackay [Compiler] Wilson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06?

Yes. All 3747 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29030 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29030, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 take to read?

About 312 minutes of reading across 750 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 section by section

How to work through Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Rothesay
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fisherman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 06; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.