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Winged warfare
Winged warfare

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Winged warfare is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Winged warfare
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.
At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.
Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.
One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.
The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winged warfare

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Winged warfare is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.
Line 2
At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.
Line 3
Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.
/ˌɪnˈsted wiː miˈændərd əˈlɔːŋ ˈoʊvər ðə sloʊ frentʃ ˈreɪlroʊdz fɔːr ˈnɪrli tuː deɪz bɪˈfɔːr ˈriːtʃɪŋ ˈaʊər ˌdestəˈneɪʃənz/
Line 4
One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.
/wʌn ˈʌðər ˈpaɪlət ənd ˌmaɪˈself hæd bɪn ˈɔːrdərd tuː dʒɔɪn ə ˈflaɪɪŋ ˈskwɑːdrən ɑːn ðə ˈsʌðərn ˈsektər ʌv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ laɪn/
Line 5
The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.
/ðə ˈskwɑːdrən tuː wɪtʃ wiː wɜːr əˈsaɪnd hæd ə ɡreɪt ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən wʌn ʌv ðə best ɪn ɔːl fræns ənd wiː wɜːr ˈveri praʊd tuː bɪˈkʌm ˈmembərz ʌv ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assigned adjective US /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading “The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.”

destinations noun US /ˌdestəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “destination” — the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading “Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.”

meandered verb US /miˈændərd/

past form of “meander” — to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course

From this reading “Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.”

pilot verb US /ˈpaɪlət/

operate an airplane

From this reading “One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.”

quay noun US /kiː/

wharf usually built parallel to the shoreline

From this reading “At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.”

railroads noun US /ˈreɪlroʊdz/

plural of “railroad” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading “Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.”

sector noun US /ˈsektər/

a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle

From this reading “One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.”

squadron noun US /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

two days noun + noun

In this reading “Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.”

before reaching preposition + noun

In this reading “Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.”

great reputation adjective + noun

In this reading “The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.”

for nearly preposition + adverb

In this reading “Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1917

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

7th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

assignedadjectiveUS /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

Boulogne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

destinationsnounUS /ˌdestəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “destination” — the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

didn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

dozennounUS /ˈdʌzən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

flewverbUS /fluː/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

InsteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

landedadjectiveUS /ˈlændəd/

owning or consisting of land or real estate

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

meanderedverbUS /miˈændərd/

past form of “meander” — to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

pilotverbUS /ˈpaɪlət/

operate an airplane

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

quaynounUS /kiː/

wharf usually built parallel to the shoreline

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

railroadsnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊdz/

plural of “railroad” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

reachingnounUS /ˈriːtʃɪŋ/

the act of physically reaching or thrusting out

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

sectornounUS /ˈsektər/

a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

squadronnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One other pilot and myself had been ordered to join a flying squadron on the southern sector of the British line.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Instead, we meandered along over the slow French railroads for nearly two days before reaching our destinations.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The squadron to which we were assigned had a great reputation, one of the best in all France, and we were very proud to become members of it.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading At the Boulogne quay we separated, and I wish I could say that “some flew east and some flew west,” but as a matter of fact we didn’t fly at all.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With a dozen other flying men I landed at Boulogne on March 7th, 1917, for my second go at the war.

Chapter 3 of Winged warfare by William Avery Bishop holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Winged warfare contain?

Chapter 3 holds 111 sentences of Winged warfare, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Winged warfare by William Avery Bishop exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Winged warfare?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Winged warfare

Common questions about reading Winged warfare by William Avery Bishop on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Winged warfare?

Yes. All 2647 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75637 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Winged warfare is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #75637, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Winged warfare take to read?

About 220 minutes of reading across 530 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Winged warfare section by section

How to work through Winged warfare section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Winged warfare to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Winged warfare

Words and structures a reader meets early in Winged warfare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Major
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.