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Winged warfare
Winged warfare

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Winged warfare is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Winged warfare
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
April 30th was a red-letter day for me.
I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.
In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.
This was during the morning.
Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winged warfare

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Winged warfare is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
April 30th was a red-letter day for me.
Line 2
I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.
/aɪ ˈseləbreɪtɪd ɪt baɪ ˈhævɪŋ ə rəˈkɔːrd ˈnʌmbər ʌv faɪts ɪn ə ˈɡɪvən speɪs ʌv taɪm/
Line 3
In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.
/ɪn wʌn ˈaʊər ənd ˈfɔːrtifaɪv ˈmɪnəts aɪ hæd naɪn ˈsepəreɪt skræps/
Line 4
This was during the morning.
/ðɪs wɑːz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/
Line 5
Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

celebrated adjective US /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.”

encounter verb US /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

come together

From this reading “Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.”

fights noun US /faɪts/

plural of “fight” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading “I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.”

forty-five noun US /ˈfɔːrtifaɪv/

a .45-caliber pistol

From this reading “In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.”

scarlet noun US /ˈskɑːrlət/

a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge

From this reading “Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.”

scouts noun US /skaʊts/

plural of “scout” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading “Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.”

scraps noun US /skræps/

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)

From this reading “In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.”

separate verb US /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading “In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

forty-five minutes noun + noun

In this reading “In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.”

during the morning preposition + article + noun counted as “during … morning”

In this reading “This was during the morning.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

30th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading This was during the morning.

encounterverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

come together

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

fightsnounUS /faɪts/

plural of “fight” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

forty-fivenounUS /ˈfɔːrtifaɪv/

a .45-caliber pistol

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

hair-raisingadjective

extremely alarming

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

MajoradjectiveUS /ˈmeɪdʒər/

of greater importance or stature or rank

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading This was during the morning.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

ninenounUS /naɪn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

red-letteradjective

memorable for being a special occasion

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

scarletnounUS /ˈskɑːrlət/

a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

scoutsnounUS /skaʊts/

plural of “scout” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

scrapsnounUS /skræps/

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading In one hour and forty-five minutes I had nine separate scraps.

set-tonoun

a brief but vigorous fight

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

teanounUS /tiː/

a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This was during the morning.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was during the morning.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I celebrated it by having a record number of fights in a given space of time.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading April 30th was a red-letter day for me.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Before we had tea that afternoon, the Major and I had a set-to with four scarlet German scouts that was the most hair-raising encounter I have ever been mixed up in.

Chapter 11 of Winged warfare by William Avery Bishop holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Winged warfare contain?

Chapter 11 holds 128 sentences of Winged warfare, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Winged warfare by William Avery Bishop exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Winged warfare?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Winged warfare

Common questions about reading Winged warfare by William Avery Bishop on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Winged warfare?

Yes. All 2647 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75637 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Winged warfare is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #75637, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Winged warfare take to read?

About 220 minutes of reading across 530 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Winged warfare section by section

How to work through Winged warfare section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Winged warfare to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Winged warfare

Words and structures a reader meets early in Winged warfare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Major
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winged warfare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.