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Wings Over England
Wings Over England

Chapter III

Cover illustration for Wings Over England
Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.
What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.
One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.
Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”
“What for?”
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wings Over England

Chapter III

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.
Line 2
What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.
Line 3
One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.
Line 4
Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”
Line 5
“What for?”
/wʌt fɔːr/

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Across preposition US /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading “Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.””

Another noun US /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.””

Began noun US /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.”

Help noun US /help/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

AnothernounUS /ˈanother/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

begannounUS /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

cameras

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

carry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

chemicals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

finding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “What for?”

French

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

friends

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

German

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

girl

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

glasses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

helpnounUS /help/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

home

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

important

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

ink

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

invisible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

lace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

lens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

line

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

living

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

Louise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

loyal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

magnifying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

maker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

map

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

paper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

paste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

piece

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

presses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

printing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

reached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

scientist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

selling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

shorthand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

small

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

soldiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

spectacle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

spy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

strange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

thousand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

transparent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading “When this loyal French girl reached her home where German soldiers now were living, she began making lace and selling it from town to town.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading One was a scientist who could do strange things with chemicals, magnifying glasses, cameras and printing presses.

words

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What was more important, she was finding friends to help her work as a spy.

write

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another was a map maker who in shorthand could write three thousand words with invisible ink on a piece of transparent paper so small Louise could paste it to a spectacle lens and carry it across the line that way.”