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Winning a Cause: World War Stories
Winning a Cause: World War Stories

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Winning a Cause: World War Stories is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.
Of course, they nearly all died on the way.
About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.
The German government could have stopped it by a word.
But how could they say the word?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winning a Cause: World War Stories

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Winning a Cause: World War Stories is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.
Line 2
Of course, they nearly all died on the way.
/ʌv kɔːrs ðeɪ ˈnɪrli ɔːl daɪd ɑːn ðə weɪ/
Line 3
About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.
Line 4
The German government could have stopped it by a word.
/ðə ˈdʒɜːrmən ˈɡʌvərmənt kʊd hæv stɑːpt ɪt baɪ ə wɜːrd/
Line 5
But how could they say the word?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armenian noun US /ɑːrˈmiːniən/

a native or inhabitant of Armenia

From this reading “One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.”

Armenians noun US /ɑːrˈmiːniənz/

plural of “armenian” — a native or inhabitant of Armenia

From this reading “About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.”

Asia noun US /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading “One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.”

Euphrates noun US /juːˈfreɪtiz/

a river in southwestern Asia; flows into the Persian Gulf; was important in the development of several great civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia

From this reading “One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.”

exterminated adjective US /ɪkˈstɜːrməneɪtɪd/

destroyed completely

From this reading “About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.”

indictments noun US /ˌɪnˈdaɪtmənts/

plural of “indictment” — a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense

From this reading “One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.”

malarial adjective US /məˈleriəl/

of or infected by or resembling malaria

From this reading “One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.”

swamps noun US /swɑːmps/

plural of “swamp” — low land that is seasonally flooded; has more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog

From this reading “One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1915

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

ArmeniannounUS /ɑːrˈmiːniən/

a native or inhabitant of Armenia

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

ArmeniansnounUS /ɑːrˈmiːniənz/

plural of “armenian” — a native or inhabitant of Armenia

From this reading About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.

AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

brutaladjectiveUS /ˈbruːtəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But how could they say the word?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The German government could have stopped it by a word.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

EuphratesnounUS /juːˈfreɪtiz/

a river in southwestern Asia; flows into the Persian Gulf; was important in the development of several great civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

exterminatedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɜːrməneɪtɪd/

destroyed completely

From this reading About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The German government could have stopped it by a word.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But how could they say the word?

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

indictmentsnounUS /ˌɪnˈdaɪtmənts/

plural of “indictment” — a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

malarialadjectiveUS /məˈleriəl/

of or infected by or resembling malaria

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

millionnounUS /ˈmɪljən/

the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.

MinoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

protestnounUS /ˈproʊtest/

a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading But how could they say the word?

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading The German government could have stopped it by a word.

swampsnounUS /swɑːmps/

plural of “swamp” — low land that is seasonally flooded; has more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

utteredadjectiveUS /ˈʌtərd/

communicated in words

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

vigornounUS /ˈvɪɡər/

forceful exertion

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Of course, they nearly all died on the way.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial swamps of the Euphrates.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading The German government could have stopped it by a word.

Chapter 7 of Winning a Cause: World War Stories by John G. (John Gilbert) Thompson holds 404 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Winning a Cause: World War Stories contain?

Chapter 7 holds 404 sentences of Winning a Cause: World War Stories, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Winning a Cause: World War Stories by John G. (John Gilbert) Thompson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 404 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Winning a Cause: World War Stories?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Winning a Cause: World War Stories

Common questions about reading Winning a Cause: World War Stories by John G. (John Gilbert) Thompson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Winning a Cause: World War Stories?

Yes. All 4000 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19906 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Winning a Cause: World War Stories is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19906, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Winning a Cause: World War Stories take to read?

About 333 minutes of reading across 800 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Winning a Cause: World War Stories section by section

How to work through Winning a Cause: World War Stories section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Winning a Cause: World War Stories to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Winning a Cause: World War Stories

Words and structures a reader meets early in Winning a Cause: World War Stories, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Faith
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning a Cause: World War Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Flanders'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning a Cause: World War Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sleep
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning a Cause: World War Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beneath
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning a Cause: World War Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.