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Winning the Wilderness
Winning the Wilderness

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Winning the Wilderness is here in full — 253 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/50 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.
--Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.
But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.
The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.
Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winning the Wilderness

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Winning the Wilderness is here in full — 253 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/50 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.
Line 2
--Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.
Line 3
But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.
Line 4
The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.
Line 5
Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bordering verb US /ˈbɔːrdərɪŋ/

-ing form of “border” — extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle

From this reading “The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.”

Churchill noun US /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪl/

English general considered one of the greatest generals in history (1650-1722)

From this reading “--Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.”

Clover noun US /ˈkloʊvər/

a plant of the genus Trifolium

From this reading “--Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.”

farmhouse noun US /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading “But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.”

marshes noun US /ˈmɑːrʃəz/

plural of “marsh” — low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading “The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.”

stagnant adjective US /ˈstæɡnənt/

not circulating or flowing

From this reading “The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.”

strips noun US /strɪps/

plural of “strip” — a relatively long narrow piece of something

From this reading “The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.”

walled verb US /wɔːld/

past form of “wall” — surround with a wall in order to fortify

From this reading “The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

ASHER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

Aydelot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

black-shadowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

BLESSINGnounUS /ˈblesɪŋ/

the formal act of approving

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

borderingverbUS /ˈbɔːrdərɪŋ/

-ing form of “border” — extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

ChurchillnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪl/

English general considered one of the greatest generals in history (1650-1722)

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

ClovernounUS /ˈkloʊvər/

a plant of the genus Trifolium

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

Cloverdale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

CreeknounUS /kriːk/

a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

depthsnounUS /depθs/

(plural) the deepest and most remote part

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

farmhousenounUS /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

forestsnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

half-mile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

hidingnounUS /ˈhaɪdɪŋ/

the activity of keeping something secret

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

marshesnounUS /ˈmɑːrʃəz/

plural of “marsh” — low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

NationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

pikenounUS /paɪk/

a broad highway designed for high-speed traffic

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

stagnantadjectiveUS /ˈstæɡnənt/

not circulating or flowing

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

stripsnounUS /strɪps/

plural of “strip” — a relatively long narrow piece of something

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

townsite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Aydelot had taken up the land from the government before the townsite was thought of.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

UnlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading THE BLESSING OF ASHER Unless there be in the background a mother, no portrait of a man is complete.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading But the Aydelot farmhouse stood a good half-mile away up the National pike road toward the Virginia state line.

walledverbUS /wɔːld/

past form of “wall” — surround with a wall in order to fortify

From this reading The farm consisted of two long narrow strips of ground, bordering the road on either side and walled about by forests hiding stagnant marshes in their black-shadowed depths.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

Winston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Winston Churchill The old Aydelot farm reached quite down to the little village of Cloverdale, from which it was separated by Clover Creek.

Chapter 2 of Winning the Wilderness by Margaret Hill McCarter holds 253 sentences, grouped into 51 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Winning the Wilderness contain?

Chapter 2 holds 253 sentences of Winning the Wilderness, unabridged, divided into 51 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Winning the Wilderness by Margaret Hill McCarter exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 253 sentences, grouped into 51 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Winning the Wilderness?

Work through the 51 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 51 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Winning the Wilderness

Common questions about reading Winning the Wilderness by Margaret Hill McCarter on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Winning the Wilderness?

Yes. All 7422 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27505 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Winning the Wilderness is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27505, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Winning the Wilderness take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1485 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Winning the Wilderness

Words and structures a reader meets early in Winning the Wilderness, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning the Wilderness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning the Wilderness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Blazed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning the Wilderness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Greater
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winning the Wilderness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.