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Winona
Winona

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Winona is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Winona
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.
The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.
The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.
The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.
For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winona

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Winona is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.
/wʌn ˈsʌltri ˈiːvnɪŋ ɪn ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ əˈbaʊt ə mʌnθ ˈleɪtər ðæn ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ ʌv ˈaʊər ˈstɔːri ə jʌŋ mæn wɑːz ˈtrævəlɪŋ θruː ðə wʊdz ɑːn ðə ˈaʊtskɜːrts ʌv ðə ˈsɪti ʌv ˈbʌfəloʊ/
Line 2
The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.
/ðə ˌɪnˈtens ɪˈlektrɪk hiːt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə deɪ hæd fɔːrˈtoʊld ə stɔːrm ənd naʊ ɪt wɑːz ˈevədənt ðæt ɪt wʊd biː əˈpɑːn hɪm bɪˈfɔːr hiː kʊd riːtʃ ˈʃeltər/
Line 3
The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.
/ðə klaʊdz ˈswiːpɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə skaɪ hæd brɔːt ˈdɑːrknəs ˈɜːrli/
Line 4
The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.
Line 5
For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.
/fɔːr ðə seɪk ʌv hɪz hɔːrs ˈmækswel wʊd hæv tɜːrnd bæk bʌt ɪt wɑːz ˈmeni ˈaʊərz sɪns hiː hæd left ðə ˈreɪlroʊd ˈtrævəlɪŋ baɪ ðə steɪdʒ ruːt təˈwɔːrd ðə ˈsɪti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Almighty noun US /ɔːlˈmaɪti/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading “The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.”

artillery noun US /ɑːrˈtɪləri/

large but transportable armament

From this reading “The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.”

blackness noun US /ˈblæknəs/

the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading “The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.”

foretold verb US /fɔːrˈtoʊld/

inflected form of “foretell” — foreshadow or presage

From this reading “The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.”

Maxwell noun US /ˈmækswel/

a cgs unit of magnetic flux equal to the flux perpendicular to an area of 1 square centimeter in a magnetic field of 1 gauss

From this reading “For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.”

outskirts noun US /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading “One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.”

sultry adjective US /ˈsʌltri/

sexually exciting or gratifying

From this reading “One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.”

threateningly adverb US /ˈθretənɪŋli/

in a menacing manner

From this reading “The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

young man adjective + noun

a teenager or a young adult male

In this reading “One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.”

through the woods preposition + article + noun counted as “through … woods”

In this reading “One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.”

on the outskirts preposition + article + noun counted as “on … outskirts”

In this reading “One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.”

many hours adjective + noun

In this reading “For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.”

For the sake preposition + article + noun counted as “for … sake”

In this reading “For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.”

during the day preposition + article + noun counted as “during … day”

In this reading “The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.”

in the distance preposition + article + noun counted as “in … distance”

In this reading “The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

AlmightynounUS /ɔːlˈmaɪti/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

artillerynounUS /ɑːrˈtɪləri/

large but transportable armament

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

blacknessnounUS /ˈblæknəs/

the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

BuffalonounUS /ˈbʌfəloʊ/

large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

electricadjectiveUS /ɪˈlektrɪk/

using or providing or producing or transmitting or operated by electricity

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

evidentadjectiveUS /ˈevədənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

foretoldverbUS /fɔːrˈtoʊld/

inflected form of “foretell” — foreshadow or presage

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

heavensnounUS /ˈhevənz/

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

JulynounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

lightningnounUS /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/

abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

magnificentadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

MaxwellnounUS /ˈmækswel/

a cgs unit of magnetic flux equal to the flux perpendicular to an area of 1 square centimeter in a magnetic field of 1 gauss

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

outskirtsnounUS /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

quiveringnounUS /ˈkwɪvərɪŋ/

a shaky motion

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

railroadnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊd/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

storm-wreck

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

sultryadjectiveUS /ˈsʌltri/

sexually exciting or gratifying

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

sweepingadjectiveUS /ˈswiːpɪŋ/

taking in or moving over (or as if over) a wide area; often used in combination

From this reading The clouds sweeping over the sky had brought darkness early.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

threateninglyadverbUS /ˈθretənɪŋli/

in a menacing manner

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading For the sake of his horse, Maxwell would have turned back, but it was many hours since he had left the railroad, travelling by the stage route toward the city.

uniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The heavens looked of one uniform blackness, until the lightning, quivering behind them, showed through the magnificent masses of storm-wreck, while the artillery of the Almighty rolled threateningly in the distance.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The intense electric heat during the day had foretold a storm, and now it was evident that it would be upon him before he could reach shelter.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading One sultry evening in July, about a month later than the opening of our story, a young man was travelling through the woods on the outskirts of the city of Buffalo.

Chapter 2 of Winona by Pauline E. (Pauline Elizabeth) Hopkins holds 184 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Winona contain?

Chapter 2 holds 184 sentences of Winona, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Winona by Pauline E. (Pauline Elizabeth) Hopkins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 184 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Winona?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Winona

Common questions about reading Winona by Pauline E. (Pauline Elizabeth) Hopkins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Winona?

Yes. All 2770 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70087 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Winona is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70087, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Winona take to read?

About 230 minutes of reading across 554 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Winona section by section

How to work through Winona section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Winona to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Winona

Words and structures a reader meets early in Winona, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Crossing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winona; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Niagara
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winona; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
River
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winona; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Direct
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winona; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.