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Winona
Winona

Chapter XIV

Cover illustration for Winona
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.
Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.
And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!
It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.
He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winona

Chapter XIV

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.
Line 2
Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.
Line 3
And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!
Line 4
It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.
Line 5
He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.”

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.”

Camp noun US /camp/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.”

John noun US /john/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

abolitionists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

aristocrat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

associated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

atmosphere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

Brown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

camp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

cast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

cleanliness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

constitution

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

daily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

defiance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

despotism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

duties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

effects

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

experience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

food

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

forfeit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

Freedom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

function

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

gradually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

harm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

identified

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

individual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

John

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

joining

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

lasting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

lives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

lot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

magical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

Maxwell's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

nourishing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

nurtured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

one's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

outlined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

panorama

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

patriotic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

physical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

price

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

rescue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

shifting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

shock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

suspicion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived in an atmosphere of suspicion, for to be identified with John Brown was a forfeit of one’s life; a price was on the head of every individual associated with him.

system

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

tenderly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

watch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

week

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Freedom, cleanliness and nourishing food were magical in their effects, and a week after his rescue found him up and about gradually joining in the duties of the camp.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was his function to watch the shifting panorama of defiance to despotism as outlined in the daily lives of the patriotic abolitionists with whom his lot was now cast.

worked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The physical shock to Maxwell’s system had worked no lasting harm to his constitution.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And what an experience it was to this young, tenderly nurtured aristocrat!