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Winterslow
Winterslow

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Winterslow is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It is the same in love and in literature.
A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.
The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.
In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.
Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Winterslow

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Winterslow is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is the same in love and in literature.
/ɪt ɪz ðə seɪm ɪn lʌv ənd ɪn ˈlɪtərətʃər/
Line 2
A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.
/ə mæn meɪks lʌv wɪˈθaʊt ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈtʃænsəz ʌv səkˈses hɪz oʊn dɪsəˈbɪlətiz ɔːr ðə ˈkerɪktər ʌv hɪz ˈmɪstrəs ðæt ɪz wɪˈθaʊt kəˈnektɪŋ miːnz wɪð endz ənd kənˈsʌltɪŋ ˈoʊnli hɪz oʊn wɪl ənd ˈpæʃən/
Line 3
The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.
/ðə ˈɔːθər sets əˈbaʊt ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈhɪstəri wɪð ðə fʊl ˌɪnˈtentʃən ʌv ˈrendərɪŋ ɔːl ˈdɑːkjəmənts deɪts ənd fækts ˈsekənderi tuː hɪz oʊn əˈpɪnjən ənd wɪl/
Line 4
In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.
Line 5
Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.
/ˈkɜːrədʒ ɪz pjʊr wɪl wɪˈθaʊt rɪˈɡɑːrd tuː ˈkɑːnsəkwensəz ənd ðɪs ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ hæv ɪn pərˈfekʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

caprice noun US /kəˈpriːs/

a sudden desire

From this reading “In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.”

connecting verb US /kəˈnektɪŋ/

-ing form of “connect” — connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces

From this reading “A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.”

consulting verb US /kənˈsʌltɪŋ/

-ing form of “consult” — get or ask advice from

From this reading “A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.”

contradiction noun US /ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkʃən/

opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas

From this reading “In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.”

dates noun US /deɪts/

plural of “date” — the specified day of the month

From this reading “The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.”

disabilities noun US /dɪsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “disability” — the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading “A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.”

rendering noun US /ˈrendərɪŋ/

a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.

From this reading “The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.”

secondary adjective US /ˈsekənderi/

being of second rank or importance or value; not direct or immediate

From this reading “The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

own opinion verb + noun

In this reading “The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.”

without thinking preposition + noun

In this reading “A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.”

give up verb + adjective

lose (s.th.) or lose the right to (s.th.) by some error, offense, or crime

In this reading “In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.”

without regard preposition + noun

In this reading “Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.”

sets about verb + particle counted as “set about”

begin to deal with

In this reading “The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.”

in literature preposition + noun

In this reading “It is the same in love and in literature.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

capricenounUS /kəˈpriːs/

a sudden desire

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

chancesnounUS /ˈtʃænsəz/

plural of “chance” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

connectingverbUS /kəˈnektɪŋ/

-ing form of “connect” — connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

consequencesnounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwensəz/

plural of “consequence” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

consultingverbUS /kənˈsʌltɪŋ/

-ing form of “consult” — get or ask advice from

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

contradictionnounUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkʃən/

opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

counterpoisenoun

a weight that balances another weight

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

CouragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

datesnounUS /deɪts/

plural of “date” — the specified day of the month

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

devilnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

disabilitiesnounUS /dɪsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “disability” — the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

documentsnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

intentionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃən/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

mistressnounUS /ˈmɪstrəs/

an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

obviouslyadverbUS /ˈɑːbviəsli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

oddsnounUS /ɑːdz/

the likelihood of a thing occurring rather than not occurring

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

perfectionnounUS /pərˈfekʃən/

the state of being without a flaw or defect

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

renderingnounUS /ˈrendərɪŋ/

a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

secondaryadjectiveUS /ˈsekənderi/

being of second rank or importance or value; not direct or immediate

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

setsnounUS /sets/

plural of “set” — a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is the same in love and in literature.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Courage is pure will without regard to consequences, and this the English have in perfection.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading In business it is not altogether the same; for interest acts obviously as a counterpoise to caprice and will, and is the moving principle; nor is it so in war, for then the spirit of contradiction does everything, and an Englishman will go to the devil rather than give up to any odds.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading A man makes love without thinking of the chances of success, his own disabilities, or the character of his mistress; that is, without connecting means with ends, and consulting only his own will and passion.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading The author sets about writing history, with the full intention of rendering all documents, dates, and facts secondary to his own opinion and will.

Chapter 4 of Winterslow by William Hazlitt holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Winterslow contain?

Chapter 4 holds 414 sentences of Winterslow, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Winterslow by William Hazlitt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Winterslow?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Winterslow

Common questions about reading Winterslow by William Hazlitt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Winterslow?

Yes. All 2486 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39269 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Winterslow is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39269, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Winterslow take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 498 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Winterslow section by section

How to work through Winterslow section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Winterslow to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Winterslow

Words and structures a reader meets early in Winterslow, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

These
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winterslow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winterslow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winterslow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Winterslow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.