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Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship
Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship is here in full — 458 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.
Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.
He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.
Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.
Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship is here in full — 458 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.
/ʌv ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈhaʊsəz ɑːr bɪlt tuː laɪv ɪn ənd nɑːt tuː lʊk ɑːn ˈðerfɔːr let juːs biː prəˈfɜːrd bɪˈfɔːr ˌjuːnəˈfɔːrməti ɪkˈsept wer boʊθ meɪ biː hæd/
Line 2
Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.
/liːv ðə ˈɡʊdli ˈfæbrɪks ʌv ˈhaʊsəz fɔːr ˈbjuːti ˈoʊnli tuː ðə ɪnˈtʃæn.tɪd ˈpæləsəz ʌv ðə ˈpoʊəts huː bɪld ðem wɪð smɔːl kɑːst/
Line 3
He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.
Line 4
Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.
Line 5
Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

builds noun US /bɪldz/

plural of “build” — constitution of the human body

From this reading “He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.”

diversity noun US /dɪˈvɜːrsɪti/

noticeable heterogeneity

From this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

fabrics noun US /ˈfæbrɪks/

plural of “fabric” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading “Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.”

markets noun US /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading “Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.”

pent adjective US /pent/

closely confined

From this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

troughs noun US /trɔːfs/

plural of “trough” — a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed)

From this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

unequal adjective US /əˈniːkwəl/

poorly balanced or matched in quantity or value or measure

From this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

uniformity noun US /ˌjuːnəˈfɔːrməti/

a condition in which everything is regular and unvarying

From this reading “Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

enchanted palaces adjective + noun counted as “enchanted palace”

In this reading “Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.”

dwelt in verb + particle counted as “dwell in”

In this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

consult with verb + particle

In this reading “Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.”

live in verb + particle

live in the house where one works

In this reading “Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.”

several places adjective + noun counted as “several place”

In this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

set upon verb + particle

assail or attack on all sides: "The zebra was beset by leopards"

In this reading “Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

buildverbUS /bɪld/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

BuildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

buildsnounUS /bɪldz/

plural of “build” — constitution of the human body

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

committeth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

consultverbUS /kənˈsʌlt/

get or ask advice from

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

diversitynounUS /dɪˈvɜːrsɪti/

noticeable heterogeneity

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

dweltverbUS /dwelt/

inflected form of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

enchantedadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtʃæn.tɪd/

Filled with or placed under the influence of magical power or charm.

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

environed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

fabricsnounUS /ˈfæbrɪks/

plural of “fabric” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

gathereth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

goodlyadjectiveUS /ˈɡʊdli/

large in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

HOUSESnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

knapverb

strike sharply

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

LeaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

maketh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

marketsnounUS /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

Momusnoun

god of blame and mockery

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

neighborsnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

NeitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

palacesnounUS /ˈpæləsəz/

plural of “palace” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

pentadjectiveUS /pent/

closely confined

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

preferredadjectiveUS /prəˈfɜːrd/

more desirable than another

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

reckonverbUS /ˈrekən/

expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

troughsnounUS /trɔːfs/

plural of “trough” — a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed)

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

unequaladjectiveUS /əˈniːkwəl/

poorly balanced or matched in quantity or value or measure

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

uniformitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈfɔːrməti/

a condition in which everything is regular and unvarying

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

unwholesomeadjective

detrimental to physical or moral well-being

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He that builds a fair house, upon an ill seat, committeth himself to prison.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Of Building HOUSES are built to live in, and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had.

whereby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets; and, if you will consult with Momus, ill neighbors.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Leave the goodly fabrics of houses, for beauty only, to the enchanted palaces of the poets; who build them with small cost.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Neither do I reckon it an ill seat, only where the air is unwholesome; but likewise where the air is unequal; as you shall see many fine seats set upon a knap of ground, environed with higher hills round about it; whereby the heat of the sun is pent in, and the wind gathereth as in troughs; so as you shall have, and that suddenly, as great diversity of heat and cold as if you dwelt in several places.

Chapter 4 of Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship by Francis Bacon holds 458 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship contain?

Chapter 4 holds 458 sentences of Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship by Francis Bacon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 458 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Words and structures a reader meets early in Essays: On Truth, Studies and Friendship, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 3
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