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The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave
The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave is here in full — 452 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
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SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?
Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.
There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.
What question?
I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave is here in full — 452 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?
Line 2
Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.
/jes hiː sed hiː ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli wʌn rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/
Line 3
There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.
/ðer ɪz ˌhaʊˈevər aɪ sed ə ˈpriːviəs ˈkwestʃən wɪtʃ rɪˈmeɪnz ˌʌˈnænsərd/
Line 4
What question?
/wʌt ˈkwestʃən/
Line 5
I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.
/aɪ duː nɑːt θɪŋk ðæt wiː hæv ˈædəkwətli dɪˈtɜːrmənd ðə ˈneɪtʃər ənd ˈnʌmbər ʌv ðə ˈæpətaɪts ənd ənˈtɪl ðɪs ɪz əˈkɑːmplɪʃt ðə ɪnˈkwaɪriː wɪl ˈɔːlweɪz biː kənˈfjuːzd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adequately adverb US /ˈædəkwətli/

in an adequate manner or to an adequate degree

From this reading “I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.”

appetites noun US /ˈæpətaɪts/

plural of “appetite” — a feeling of craving something

From this reading “I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.”

confused adjective US /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading “I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.”

enquiry noun US /ɪnˈkwaɪriː/

an instance of questioning

From this reading “I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.”

remaining adjective US /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading “Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.”

socrates noun US /ˈsɑːkrətiːz/

ancient Athenian philosopher; teacher of Plato and Xenophon (470-399 BC)

From this reading “SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?”

tyrannical adjective US /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading “SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?”

unanswered adjective US /ˌʌˈnænsərd/

not returned in kind

From this reading “There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

accomplishedadjectiveUS /əˈkɑːmplɪʃt/

highly skilled

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

ADEIMANTUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

adequatelyadverbUS /ˈædəkwətli/

in an adequate manner or to an adequate degree

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

appetitesnounUS /ˈæpətaɪts/

plural of “appetite” — a feeling of craving something

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

confusedadjectiveUS /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

democratical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

enquirynounUS /ɪnˈkwaɪriː/

an instance of questioning

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

LASTadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

remainingadjectiveUS /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.

SOCRATESnounUS /ˈsɑːkrətiːz/

ancient Athenian philosopher; teacher of Plato and Xenophon (470-399 BC)

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

tyrannicaladjectiveUS /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

unansweredadjectiveUS /ˌʌˈnænsərd/

not returned in kind

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What question?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There is, however, I said, a previous question which remains unanswered.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading SOCRATES - ADEIMANTUS LAST of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? and how does he live, in happiness or in misery?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I do not think that we have adequately determined the nature and number of the appetites, and until this is accomplished the enquiry will always be confused.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading Yes, he said, he is the only one remaining.

Chapter 10 of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave by Plato holds 452 sentences, grouped into 91 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave contain?

Chapter 10 holds 452 sentences of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave, unabridged, divided into 91 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave by Plato exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 452 sentences, grouped into 91 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave?

Work through the 91 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 91 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave

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Vocabulary met early in The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Republic: The Allegory of the Cave, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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