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Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays
Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."
She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.
This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.
But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.
Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."
Line 2
She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.
Line 3
This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.
Line 4
But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.
Line 5
Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dispossess verb US /ˌdɪspəˈzes/

deprive of the possession of real estate

From this reading “But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.”

distilling verb US /dɪˈstɪlɪŋ/

inflected form of “distil” — undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops

From this reading “This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.”

herbs noun US /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading “This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.”

mineral noun US /ˈmɪnərəl/

solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition

From this reading “But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.”

noxious adjective US /ˈnɑːkʃəs/

injurious to physical or mental health

From this reading “This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.”

ostensibly adverb US /ɑːˈstensəbli/

from appearances alone

From this reading “But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.”

plotting verb US /ˈplɑːtɪŋ/

inflected form of “plot” — plan secretly, usually something illegal

From this reading “This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.”

simmering noun US /ˈsɪmərɪŋ/

cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil

From this reading “Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

by force preposition + noun

In this reading “She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.”

by inches preposition + noun counted as “by inch”

In this reading “But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

ancestressnoun

a woman ancestor

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

bearsnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

carriesnounUS /ˈkæriz/

plural of “carry” — the act of carrying something

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

Cloten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

compoundnounUS /ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/

a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

Cymbeline

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

deviltrynoun

wicked and cruel behavior

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

dispossessverbUS /ˌdɪspəˈzes/

deprive of the possession of real estate

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

distillingverbUS /dɪˈstɪlɪŋ/

inflected form of “distil” — undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

embracedverbUS /emˈbreɪst/

past form of “embrace” — include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

essences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

expectverbUS /ɪkˈspekt/

regard something as probable or likely

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

footstoolnoun

a low seat or a stool to rest the feet of a seated person

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

hangingnounUS /ˈhæŋɪŋ/

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

herbsnounUS /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

Imogen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

Imogen's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

inchesnounUS /ˈɪntʃəz/

plural of “inch” — a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

liegemen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

marryverbUS /ˈmeri/

take in marriage

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

mineralnounUS /ˈmɪnərəl/

solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

mortaladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrtəl/

subject to death

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

noxiousadjectiveUS /ˈnɑːkʃəs/

injurious to physical or mental health

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

ostensiblyadverbUS /ɑːˈstensəbli/

from appearances alone

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

plottingverbUS /ˈplɑːtɪŋ/

inflected form of “plot” — plan secretly, usually something illegal

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

poisonverbUS /ˈpɔɪzən/

spoil as if by poison

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

pretextnounUS /ˈpriːtekst/

something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

ratsnounUS /ræts/

plural of “rat” — any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

relativesnounUS /ˈrelətɪvz/

plural of “relative” — a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

shallow-pated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

simmeringnounUS /ˈsɪmərɪŋ/

cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

step-mother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

step-mothers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

strong-mindedadjective

having a determined will

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

suspicionnounUS /səˈspɪʃən/

an impression that something might be the case

From this reading Now the King has no suspicion of the simmering deviltry that he embraced.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She rules the king by force or craft, and has arranged to marry Imogen to her own shallow-pated son Cloten.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

watchfuladjectiveUS /ˈwɑːtʃfəl/

engaged in or accustomed to close observation

From this reading But the compound that is ostensibly for rats is intended to dispossess Imogen of all her watchful liegemen, including her husband; and then, after getting her married to Cloten, the "mortal mineral" was meant to waste the King by inches to a grave that should be a royal footstool for her son.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Imogen's step-mother, the Queen and wife of Cymbeline, is a strong-minded woman, who "bears all down with her brain."

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading This ancestress of all the plotting step-mothers carries poison in her heart: her relatives may expect to find it in their food; for she is curious in distilling the essences of noxious herbs, under a scientific pretext to watch their effects in creatures not worth the hanging.

Chapter 7 of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays by John Weiss holds 394 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays contain?

Chapter 7 holds 394 sentences of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays by John Weiss exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 394 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays

Common questions about reading Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays by John Weiss on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays?

Yes. All 4294 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #65060 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #65060, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays take to read?

About 357 minutes of reading across 859 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays section by section

How to work through Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Humor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shakspeare
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
West-easterly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Divan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Wit, Humor, and Shakspeare: Twelve Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.