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With Clive in India
With Clive in India

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of With Clive in India is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.
In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.
But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.
Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.
Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

With Clive in India

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of With Clive in India is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.
Line 2
In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.
/ɪn sʌm ˈpleɪsəz ðiːz ɑːrmz ɑːr bʌt ə fjuː ˈhʌndrəd jɑːrdz əˈpɑːrt ənd ðə ˈaɪlənd kæn ˈðerfɔːr biː dɪˈfendəd əˈɡenst æn əˈtæk əˈlɔːŋ ðə lænd/
Line 3
But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.
Line 4
Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.
Line 5
Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

branches noun US /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading “Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.”

defended verb US /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading “In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.”

equally adverb US /ˈiːkwəli/

to the same degree (often followed by “as”)

From this reading “But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.”

faced adjective US /feɪst/

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading “Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.”

forces noun US /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading “Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.”

narrowest adjective US /ˈneroʊəst/

superlative of “narrow” — not wide

From this reading “But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.”

northern adjective US /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading “Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.”

retreat noun US /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading “But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

apartadverbUS /əˈpɑːrt/

separated or at a distance in place or position or time

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

attacknounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

equallyadverbUS /ˈiːkwəli/

to the same degree (often followed by “as”)

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

facedadjectiveUS /feɪst/

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

Kavari

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

Koiladi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

Kolrun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

narrowestadjectiveUS /ˈneroʊəst/

superlative of “narrow” — not wide

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

Seringam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Upon the other side of the Kolrun, as the northern arm of the Kavari is called, the French could cross the river and make their retreat, if necessary, in any direction.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

Trichinopoli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Although called an island, Seringam is in fact a long narrow tongue of land, running between the two branches of the river Kavari.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Upon the south, our forces at Trichinopoli faced the French across the river.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading But the retreat of the French by this line was equally difficult, as we held the narrowest part of the neck, two miles from Koiladi.

yardsnounUS /jɑːrdz/

plural of “yard” — a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading In some places these arms are but a few hundred yards apart, and the island can therefore be defended against an attack along the land.

Chapter 11 of With Clive in India by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 170 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of With Clive in India contain?

Chapter 11 holds 170 sentences of With Clive in India, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of With Clive in India by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 170 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of With Clive in India?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading With Clive in India

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Is this the complete text of With Clive in India?

Yes. All 5537 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18833 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #18833, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 461 minutes of reading across 1108 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in With Clive in India

Words and structures a reader meets early in With Clive in India, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Clive in India; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Clive in India; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Clive in India; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Endeavoured
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Clive in India; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.