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With Clive in India
With Clive in India

Chapter XXII · The Battle Outside Calcutta

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.
On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.
The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.
As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.
Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

With Clive in India

Chapter XXII · The Battle Outside Calcutta

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.
Line 2
On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.
Line 3
The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.
Line 4
As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.
Line 5
Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.”

Afternoon noun US /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.”

Determined adjective US /dɪˈtɜrmɪnd/

having firmly decided to do something

From this reading “As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.”

Party noun US /party/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.”

Surprised noun US /surprised/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.”

Take noun US /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.”

Towards preposition US /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading “After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

advancing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

afternoonnounUS /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

annihilated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

assistance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

attack

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

Baj-baj

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

breach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

Clive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

daybreak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

defeat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

delaying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜrmɪnd/

having firmly decided to do something

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

drunk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

effected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

enemy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

fatigued

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

fell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

fifty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

firing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

fleet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

force

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

fort

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

freely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

greatly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

guns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

heard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

heavy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

hour's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

Kilpatrick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

landed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

landing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

Major

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

Many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

marched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

met

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

nearly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

opened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

partynounUS /party/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

ramparts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

sailors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

ships

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

sleep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

sound

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

storming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

strolled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

surprisednounUS /surprised/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

takenounUS /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Many of these sailors had drunk freely before landing, and as night fell, some of them strolled towards the fort.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The fleet had, at daybreak, opened a heavy fire upon the ramparts; and by the afternoon effected a breach.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As his men were greatly fatigued, and had had but an hour's sleep, Clive determined upon delaying the attack until the morning; and a party of two hundred and fifty sailors, with two guns, were landed to take part in the storming.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading After the defeat of the enemy, who had surprised and so nearly annihilated him, Clive marched at once towards the fort of Baj-baj.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the way he met Major Kilpatrick, who was advancing, with a force which had been landed from the ships when the sound of firing was heard, to his assistance.