used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
earlier than; in front of
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
camp-servants
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
recognizable; marked
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
DefencenounUS /dɪˈfens/
(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
encircledadjectiveUS /ɪnˈsɜːrkəld/
confined on all sides
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
encloseverbUS /ɪnˈkloʊz/
enclose or enfold completely with or as if with a covering
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
the act of giving
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
having the deep slightly brownish color of gold
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
hussars
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
includedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdəd/
enclosed in the same envelope or package
From this reading The old ramparts included too much space.
intrenchments
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
the time period between dawn and noon
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
to a great degree or extent
From this reading The old ramparts included too much space.
mutualadjectiveUS /ˈmjuːtʃuːəl/
common to or shared by two or more parties
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
narroweradjectiveUS /ˈneroʊər/
comparative of “narrow” — not wide
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
immediately following in time or order
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age
From this reading The old ramparts included too much space.
not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/
above and across; more than
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
PanverbUS /pæn/
make a sweeping movement
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
PolishnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/
the property of being smooth and shiny
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
protectingadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪŋ/
shielding (or designed to shield) against harm or discomfort
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
Pshiyemski
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
rampartnounUS /ˈræmpɑːrt/
an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
rampartsnounUS /ˈræmpɑːrts/
plural of “rampart” — an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes
From this reading The old ramparts included too much space.
raysnounUS /reɪz/
plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
regimentsnounUS /ˈredʒəmənts/
plural of “regiment” — army unit smaller than a division
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
the unlimited expanse in which everything is located
From this reading The old ramparts included too much space.
the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Next morning, before the sun had scattered its golden rays over the sky, a new protecting rampart encircled the Polish camp.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits
From this reading The old ramparts included too much space.
soldiers collectively
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
a way of regarding situations or topics etc.
From this reading The Prince and Pan Pshiyemski, in view of this, decided to enclose the troops within narrower intrenchments.
vigorouslyadverbUS /ˈvɪɡərəsli/
with vigor; in a vigorous manner
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
inside; before a period of time has passed
From this reading Defence and the giving of mutual assistance were difficult within them.
past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity
From this reading They worked vigorously, the hussars as well as all the other regiments, and the camp-servants.
