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With Force and Arms
With Force and Arms

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of With Force and Arms is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for With Force and Arms
Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.
It was the 26th day of April.
The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.
I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.
It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

With Force and Arms

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of With Force and Arms is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.
/lʌv ˈɑːnər ənd oʊˈbeɪ/
Line 2
It was the 26th day of April.
Line 3
The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.
/ðə er smeld ʌv ˈbɑːmi sprɪŋ ə wɔːrm sʌn wɑːz ˈoʊvərˈhed ə ˈdʒentəl briːz stɜːrd ðə liːvz əˈmɪd wɪtʃ ðə bɜːrdz sæŋ ənd ðə hoʊl ɜːrθ siːmd ə ˈhæpi pleɪs/
Line 4
I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.
/aɪ dʒʌmpt aʊt ʌv bed tuː lʊk ˈoʊvər ðə nuː suːt wɪtʃ aɪ hæd ˈæftər mʌtʃ taɪm ənd θɔːt ˈmænədʒd tuː ɡet təˈɡeðər/
Line 5
It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

April noun US /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading “It was the 26th day of April.”

balmy adjective US /ˈbɑːmi/

informal or slang terms for mentally irregular

From this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

breeches noun US /ˈbriːtʃɪz/

(used in the plural) trousers ending above the knee

From this reading “It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.”

breeze noun US /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

obey verb US /oʊˈbeɪ/

be obedient to

From this reading “LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.”

overhead adverb US /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

smelled verb US /smeld/

past form of “smell” — inhale the odor of; perceive by the olfactory sense

From this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

stirred adjective US /stɜːrd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gentle breeze adjective + noun

wind moving 8-12 knots; 3 on the Beaufort scale

In this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

birds sang noun + noun counted as “bird sang”

In this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

warm sun adjective + noun

In this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

jumped out verb + adjective counted as “jump out”

be highly noticeable

In this reading “I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.”

whole earth adjective + noun

In this reading “The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.”

look over verb + particle

In this reading “I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.”

get together verb + particle

a small informal social gathering

In this reading “I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

26th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

balmyadjectiveUS /ˈbɑːmi/

informal or slang terms for mentally irregular

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

breechesnounUS /ˈbriːtʃɪz/

(used in the plural) trousers ending above the knee

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

HONORnounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

jumpedverbUS /dʒʌmpt/

past form of “jump” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

LOVEnounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.

managedverbUS /ˈmænədʒd/

past form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

OBEYverbUS /oʊˈbeɪ/

be obedient to

From this reading LOVE, HONOR AND OBEY.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

overheadadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

plum-colored

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

smelledverbUS /smeld/

past form of “smell” — inhale the odor of; perceive by the olfactory sense

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

stirredadjectiveUS /stɜːrd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

stuffnounUS /stʌf/

the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading I jumped out of bed to look over the new suit, which I had, after much time and thought, managed to get together.

touchverbUS /tʌtʃ/

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was the 26th day of April.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading It was of dark plum-colored stuff, soft to the touch, and became me as well as any coat and breeches I ever had.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The air smelled of balmy spring, a warm sun was overhead, a gentle breeze stirred the leaves amid which the birds sang, and the whole earth seemed a happy place.

Chapter 31 of With Force and Arms by Howard Roger Garis holds 201 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of With Force and Arms contain?

Chapter 31 holds 201 sentences of With Force and Arms, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of With Force and Arms by Howard Roger Garis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 201 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of With Force and Arms?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading With Force and Arms

Common questions about reading With Force and Arms by Howard Roger Garis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of With Force and Arms?

Yes. All 5463 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54371 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of With Force and Arms is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54371, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does With Force and Arms take to read?

About 455 minutes of reading across 1093 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read With Force and Arms section by section

How to work through With Force and Arms section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of With Force and Arms to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in With Force and Arms

Words and structures a reader meets early in With Force and Arms, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Force and Arms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Force and Arms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Force and Arms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Force and Arms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.