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With Frederick the Great
With Frederick the Great

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of With Frederick the Great is here in full — 290 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.
It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.
Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.
Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.
The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

With Frederick the Great

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of With Frederick the Great is here in full — 290 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.
Line 2
It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.
Line 3
Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.
Line 4
Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.
Line 5
The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

beleaguered verb US /bɪˈliːɡərd/

past form of “beleaguer” — annoy persistently

From this reading “It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.”

Confederate noun US /kənˈfedərət/

a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading “After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.”

Elbe noun US /elb/

a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea

From this reading “The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.”

Henry's noun US /ˈhenriz/

possessive form of “henry” — a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading “It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.”

impregnable adjective US /ˌɪmˈpreɡnəbəl/

immune to attack; incapable of being tampered with

From this reading “After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.”

marches noun US /ˈmɑːrtʃɪz/

a region in central Italy

From this reading “After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.”

Saxony noun US /ˈsæksəni/

an area in Germany around the upper Elbe river; the original home of the Saxons

From this reading “After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.”

tracts noun US /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading “Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

beleagueredverbUS /bɪˈliːɡərd/

past form of “beleaguer” — annoy persistently

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

blowsnounUS /bloʊz/

plural of “blow” — a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

bordersnounUS /ˈbɔːrdərz/

plural of “border” — a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

ConfederatenounUS /kənˈfedərət/

a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

Daun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

ElbenounUS /elb/

a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

eminencenounUS /ˈemənəns/

high status importance owing to marked superiority

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

FredericknounUS /ˈfredrɪk/

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

headquartersnounUS /ˈhedkwɔːrtərz/

(usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise

From this reading Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.

Henry'snounUS /ˈhenriz/

possessive form of “henry” — a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.

Hulsen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.

impregnableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpreɡnəbəl/

immune to attack; incapable of being tampered with

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

marchesnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪz/

a region in central Italy

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

old-fashionedadjectiveUS /ˌoʊldˈfæʃənd/

out of fashion

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

pinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

quickadjectiveUS /kwɪk/

accomplished rapidly and without delay

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

SaxonynounUS /ˈsæksəni/

an area in Germany around the upper Elbe river; the original home of the Saxons

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

Siptitz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The town rose above the Elbe, on the shoulder of a broad eminence called the Siptitz.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading Hulsen had made it his headquarters during the summer.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

Torgau

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

tractsnounUS /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading It had been Prince Henry's camp during the previous autumn, and Daun had in vain beleaguered it.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

well-cultivated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading After many marches and quick blows at the Confederate armies, and driving them beyond the borders of Saxony, Frederick moved towards Torgau, where Daun had established himself in a position that he deemed impregnable.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading Torgau was an old-fashioned town, surrounded by tracts of pine wood, with pleasant villages and much well-cultivated land.

Chapter 20 of With Frederick the Great by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 290 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of With Frederick the Great contain?

Chapter 20 holds 290 sentences of With Frederick the Great, unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of With Frederick the Great by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 290 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of With Frederick the Great?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading With Frederick the Great

Common questions about reading With Frederick the Great by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of With Frederick the Great?

Yes. All 5798 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19714 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of With Frederick the Great is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19714, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does With Frederick the Great take to read?

About 483 minutes of reading across 1160 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in With Frederick the Great

Words and structures a reader meets early in With Frederick the Great, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Frederick the Great; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scottish
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Trader
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Edinburgh
A word that appears in the opening chapter of With Frederick the Great; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.